Yinto yekhemikhali kunye nophawu lwekhemikhali kunye nenani le-atomic 28. Yisilivere emhlophe esilingisi esineengcebiso zegolide kwi-Silver yombala ococekileyo. I-nickel yintsimbi yenguqu, ilukhuni kunye ne-ductile. Umsebenzi wezikhemikhali ococekileyo uphakame kakhulu, kwaye lo msebenzi unokubonwa kumhlaba we-powder apho indawo esebenza kwindawo esebenzayo yandiswa, kodwa i-Bulkel i-calkel yentsimbi iqala kancinci ngomoya okhuselayo ngenxa yokuba i-oide ye-oxide ijikelezileyo yenziwe phezu komphezulu. izinto. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yomsebenzi owona msebenzi uphezulu phakathi kwe-nickel neoksijini, kusafuneka ufumane i-nickel yendalo kumphezulu womhlaba. I-nickel yendalo ekwindawo yomhlaba ifakwe kwi-meterites enkulu ye-nickel-yentsimbi, kuba ii-meteorites azinakho ukufikelela kwioksijini xa zisendaweni. Emhlabeni, le i-nickel yendalo ihlala idityaniswa nentsimbi, icinga ukuba ziimveliso eziphambili ze-nucloosynthesis. Kuyikholelwa ngokubanzi ukuba i-core yomhlaba idityaniswe ngumxube we-nickel-iron.
Ukusetyenziswa kwe-nickel (i-nickel ye-nickel-i-iron yentsimbi) ibuyela kwi-3500 BC. I-Axel Frederick Kronsterickt yayiyeyokuqala yokuhlula i-nickel kwaye ichaze njengento yekhemikhali ngo-1751, nangona ekuqaleni wayeqala kakubi i-chaneral. Igama langaphandle likaNickel livela kwi-goblin yegama elifanayo kwimbali yabavini baseJamani (i-nickel, efana negama lesidlaliso "ngenxa yesathana ngesiNgesi). . Owona mthombo wezoqoqosho we-nickel yintsimbi ye-iron ore i-limonite, eneepesenti ezingama-1-2%. Ezinye izimbiwa ezibalulekileyo zeNickel zibandakanya iPentandite kunye nePentandite. Abavelisi abaziintloko ze-nickel babandakanya ingingqi ye-soderbury eCanada (ekukholelwa ukuba iyingxaki ye-caterite), eNew Caledonia kuLwandlekazi lwePasifiki, kunye ne-Dolilk eRussia.
Ngenxa yokuba uNickel oxidid ngokuthe chu kubushushu begumbi, ngokubanzi ithathwa njengenganyangeki. Ngenxa yoku, i-Nickel ibisoloko isetyenziselwa ukubeka iindawo ezahlukeneyo, ezinjengeentsimbi (njengentsimbi nobhedu), i-affey yezixhobo zeShemikhali, kunye nesilivere esikhawulezayo). Malunga ne-6% yemveliso yeNickel yeHlabathi isasetyenziselwa ukumelana ne-nickel ecocekileyo. UNickel wakuqala icandelo eliqhelekileyo leengqekembe, kodwa oku kutshintshwe ikakhulu yintsimbi enexabiso eliphantsi, kungekuphela kuba abanye abantu banolusu lwe-allergies. Ngaphandle koku, iBritane yaqala iingqekembe zemizimba eNickel kwakhona ngo-2012, ngaphezulu kwezichaso ze-dermatologists.
I-nickel yenye yezinto ezine kuphela ezinobushushu begumbi. I-Nickel-enemagnethi esisigxina i-Alnic sinamandla e-magnetic phakathi kwentsimbi yentsimbi kunye neemagnethi ezinqabileyo zomhlaba. Isimo sikaNickel kwihlabathi lanamhlanje lifanelwe kukubalwa kwalo. Malunga neepesenti ezingama-60 zemveliso ye-nickel yehlabathi isetyenziselwa ukuvelisa izitho ze-nickel ezahlukeneyo (ngakumbi intsimbi engenasithulo). Ezinye izabelo eziqhelekileyo, kunye nezinye izinto ezintsha ze-superalloys, i-Akhawunti iphantse ibe yi-NECKEL yeHlabathi yeHlabathi eseleyo. Ukusetyenziswa kweekhemikhali ukwenza i-akhawunti edityanisiweyo ye-3 pesenti yemveliso ye-nickel. Njenge-computer, i-nickel isebenzisa into ethile ekuqulunqweni kweekhemikhali, umzekelo njengokukhuthazeka kwe-hydrogeny. I-enzymes ye-microorganisms ethile kunye nezityalo zisebenzisa i-nickel njengendawo esebenzayo, ngoko ke i-nickel sisikhohlisi esibalulekileyo kubo. [1]