Umgangatho wemveliso
l. Ucingo olufakwe enamel
1.1 umgangatho wemveliso wocingo olujikelezileyo olune-enamel: umgangatho wothotho lwe-gb6109-90; umgangatho wolawulo lwangaphakathi lwe-zxd/j700-16-2001
Umgangatho wemveliso we-1.2 we-enameled flat wire: gb/t7095-1995 series
Umgangatho weendlela zokuvavanya iingcingo ezijikelezileyo nezithe tyaba ezine-enameled: gb/t4074-1999
Umgca wokusonga iphepha
2.1 umgangatho wemveliso yokusonga iphepha ucingo olujikelezayo: gb7673.2-87
2.2 umgangatho wemveliso yocingo olusicaba olusongelwe ngephepha: gb7673.3-87
Imigangatho yeendlela zokuvavanya iintambo ezijikelezileyo nezisicaba ezisongiweyo zephepha: gb/t4074-1995
umgangatho
Umgangatho wemveliso: gb3952.2-89
Indlela esemgangathweni: gb4909-85, gb3043-83
Ucingo lobhedu olungenanto
4.1 umgangatho wemveliso yocingo olujikelezileyo lwekopolo engenanto: gb3953-89
4.2 umgangatho wemveliso yocingo oluthe tyaba lwekopolo olungenanto: gb5584-85
Umgangatho wendlela yovavanyo: gb4909-85, gb3048-83
Ucingo olujikelezayo
Intambo ejikelezayo gb6i08.2-85
Ucingo oluthe tyaba gb6iuo.3-85
Umgangatho ugxininisa kakhulu uthotho lweenkcukacha kunye nokuphambuka kobukhulu
Imigangatho yangaphandle yile ilandelayo:
Umgangatho wemveliso yaseJapan sc3202-1988, umgangatho wendlela yovavanyo: jisc3003-1984
Umgangatho waseMelika wml000-1997
IKhomishini ye-Electrotechnical yeHlabathi mcc317
Ukusetyenziswa okubonakalayo
1. ucingo olune-enamel ye-acetal, olunezinga lobushushu eliyi-105 kunye ne-120, lunamandla oomatshini, lunamathela, ioyile ye-transformer kunye nokumelana nefriji. Nangona kunjalo, imveliso ayinakuxhathisa ukufuma kakuhle, iqondo lobushushu eliphantsi lokuthamba kobushushu, ukusebenza okubuthathaka kwe-solvent exutyiweyo ye-benzene alcohol eqinileyo, njl. Yinxalenye encinci yayo kuphela esetyenziselwa ukugoba i-transformer efakwe kwi-oyile kunye ne-motor egcwele ioyile.
Ucingo olufakwe enamel
Ucingo olufakwe enamel
2. Umgangatho wobushushu bomgca oqhelekileyo we-polyester wokugquma we-polyester kunye ne-polyester eguquliweyo yi-130, kwaye umgangatho wobushushu womgca we-modified wokugquma yi-155. Amandla oomatshini emveliso aphezulu, kwaye anokuthamba okuhle, ukunamathela, ukusebenza kombane kunye nokumelana nesinyibilikisi. Ubuthathaka bububuthathaka bokumelana nobushushu kunye nokumelana nempembelelo kunye nokumelana nokufuma okuphantsi. Lolona hlobo lukhulu eTshayina, lumalunga nesibini kwisithathu, kwaye lusetyenziswa kakhulu kwiimoto ezahlukeneyo, umbane, izixhobo, izixhobo zonxibelelwano kunye nezixhobo zasekhaya.
3. ucingo olugquma nge-polyurethane; udidi lobushushu 130, 155, 180, 200. Iimpawu eziphambili zale mveliso kukuwelda ngokuthe ngqo, ukumelana nefrikhwensi ephezulu, ukudaya imibala okulula kunye nokumelana nokufuma okuhle. Isetyenziswa kakhulu kwizixhobo ze-elektroniki kunye nezixhobo ezichanekileyo, unxibelelwano kunye nezixhobo. Ubuthathaka bale mveliso kukuba amandla oomatshini aphantsi kancinci, ukumelana nobushushu akuphezulu, kwaye ukuguquguquka kunye nokunamathela komgca wemveliso akulunganga. Ke ngoko, iinkcukacha zemveliso yale mveliso ziimigca ezincinci nezincinci.
4. Intambo yokugquma ipeyinti ye-polyester imide / polyamide composite, umgangatho wobushushu we-180 imveliso inempembelelo entle yokumelana nobushushu, ithambile kwaye ishushu kakhulu, inamandla oomatshini amahle, inamandla amahle okumelana nesinyibilikisi kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kokumelana neqabaka. Ubuthathaka kukuba kulula ukuyi-hydrolyze phantsi kweemeko ezivaliweyo kwaye isetyenziswa kakhulu ekujikeni njengeemoto, izixhobo zombane, izixhobo, izixhobo zombane, i-transformer yamandla ohlobo olomileyo njalo njalo.
5. Inkqubo yentambo yokugquma ye-polyester IMIM / polyamide imide edityanisiweyo isetyenziswa kakhulu kumgca wokugquma omelana nobushushu basekhaya nabangaphandle, umgangatho wayo wobushushu yi-200, imveliso inokumelana nobushushu okuphezulu, kwaye ikwanazo neempawu zokuxhathisa iqabaka, ukumelana nokubanda kunye nokuxhathisa imitha, amandla aphezulu oomatshini, ukusebenza kombane okuzinzileyo, ukumelana kakuhle kweekhemikhali kunye nokuxhathisa imitha, kunye nomthamo onamandla wokugquma. Isetyenziswa kakhulu kwi-compressor yefriji, i-compressor yomoya opholileyo, izixhobo zombane, iimoto ezikhusela ukuqhuma kunye neemoto kunye nezixhobo zombane phantsi kobushushu obuphezulu, ubushushu obuphezulu, ubushushu obuphezulu, ukumelana nokugqatsa, ukugqithiswa kunye nezinye iimeko.
uvavanyo
Emva kokuba imveliso yenziwe, nokuba inkangeleko yayo, ubungakanani bayo kunye nokusebenza kwayo kuyahlangabezana nemigangatho yobugcisa yemveliso kunye neemfuno zesivumelwano sobuchwepheshe somsebenzisi, kufuneka igwetywe ngokuhlolwa. Emva kokulinganisa novavanyo, xa kuthelekiswa nemigangatho yobuchwepheshe yemveliso okanye isivumelwano sobuchwepheshe somsebenzisi, abo bafanelekileyo bayafaneleka, kungenjalo, abafanelekanga. Ngokuhlolwa, uzinzo lomgangatho womgca wokugquma kunye nengqiqo yetekhnoloji yezinto ezibonakalayo zinokubonakaliswa. Ke ngoko, ukuhlolwa komgangatho kunomsebenzi wokuhlola, ukuthintela kunye nokuchonga. Okuqulathwe kuvavanyo lomgca wokugquma kubandakanya: inkangeleko, ukuhlolwa kobukhulu kunye nokulinganisa kunye novavanyo lokusebenza. Ukusebenza kubandakanya iimpawu zoomatshini, iikhemikhali, ubushushu kunye nombane. Ngoku sichaza ikakhulu inkangeleko kunye nobungakanani.
umphezulu
(imbonakalo) kufuneka ibe bushelelezi kwaye igudileyo, inombala ofanayo, ingabi nanto yakwenza ne-oxidation, iinwele, umphezulu wangaphakathi nowangaphandle, amabala amnyama, ukususwa kwepeyinti kunye nezinye iziphene ezichaphazela ukusebenza. Ulungiselelo lomgca kufuneka lube tyaba kwaye luqine lujikeleze idiski ekwi-intanethi ngaphandle kokucinezela umgca kwaye urhoxe ngokukhululekileyo. Kukho izinto ezininzi ezichaphazela umphezulu, ezinxulumene nezinto ezikrwada, izixhobo, ubuchwepheshe, okusingqongileyo kunye nezinye izinto.
ubungakanani
2.1 ubukhulu bocingo olujikelezileyo olune-enamel luquka: ubukhulu bangaphandle (ububanzi bangaphandle) d, ububanzi bomqhubi D, ukuphambuka komqhubi △ D, ukujikeleza komqhubi F, ubukhulu befilimu yokupenda t
2.1.1 ububanzi bangaphandle bubhekisa kububanzi obulinganiswa emva kokuba umqhubi egqunywe ngefilimu yepeyinti yokukhusela.
2.1.2 ububanzi bomqhubi bubhekisa kububanzi bocingo lwesinyithi emva kokuba umaleko wobushushu ususiwe.
2.1.3 ukuphambuka komqhubi kubhekisa kumahluko phakathi kwexabiso elilinganisiweyo lobubanzi bomqhubi kunye nexabiso eliqhelekileyo.
2.1.4 ixabiso lokungajikelezi (f) libhekisa kumahluko omkhulu phakathi kokufunda okuphezulu kunye nokufunda okuncinci okulinganisiweyo kwicandelo ngalinye lomqhubi.
2.2 indlela yokulinganisa
2.2.1 isixhobo sokulinganisa: i-micrometer micrometer, ukuchaneka o.002mm
Xa ipeyinti isongelwe ngocingo olujikelezayo d < 0.100mm, amandla yi-0.1-1.0n, kwaye amandla yi-1-8n xa i-D iyi-≥ 0.100mm; amandla omgca othe tyaba ogqunywe ngepeyinti yi-4-8n.
2.2.2 ububanzi bangaphandle
2.2.2.1 (rhangqa umgca) xa ububanzi obuqhelekileyo bomqhubi D bungaphantsi kwe-0.200mm, linganisa ububanzi obungaphandle kube kanye kwiindawo ezi-3 ezikumgama we-1m, bhala phantsi amaxabiso okulinganisa ama-3, kwaye uthathe ixabiso eliqhelekileyo njengobubanzi obungaphandle.
2.2.2.2 xa ububanzi obuqhelekileyo bomqhubi D bungaphezulu kwe-0.200mm, ububanzi obungaphandle bulinganiswa amaxesha ama-3 kwindawo nganye kwiindawo ezimbini ezikude nge-1m, kwaye amaxabiso okulinganisa ama-6 arekhodwa, kwaye ixabiso eliqhelekileyo lithathwa njengobubanzi obungaphandle.
2.2.2.3 ubukhulu bomphetho obanzi kunye nomphetho omxinwa buya kulinganiswa kube kanye kwiindawo ze-100mm3, kwaye ixabiso eliqhelekileyo lamaxabiso amathathu alinganisiweyo liya kuthathwa njengobungakanani obupheleleyo bomphetho obanzi kunye nomphetho omxinwa.
2.2.3 Ubungakanani bomqhubi
2.2.3.1 (ucingo olujikelezayo) xa ububanzi obuqhelekileyo bomqhubi D bungaphantsi kwe-0.200mm, ubushushu buya kususwa nangayiphi na indlela ngaphandle kokonakalisa umqhubi kwiindawo ezi-3 ezikude nge-1m ukusuka komnye nomnye. Ububanzi bomqhubi buya kulinganiswa kube kanye: thabatha ixabiso layo eliqhelekileyo njengobubanzi bomqhubi.
2.2.3.2 xa ububanzi obuqhelekileyo bomqhubi D bungaphezulu kwe-o.200mm, susa ubushushu nangayiphi na indlela ngaphandle kokonakalisa umqhubi, kwaye ulinganise ngokwahlukeneyo kwiindawo ezintathu ezisasazwe ngokulinganayo kumjikelezo womqhubi, kwaye uthathe ixabiso eliphakathi lamaxabiso amathathu okulinganisa njengobubanzi bomqhubi.
2.2.2.3 (ucingo oluthe tyaba) luhlukaniswe nge-10 mm3, kwaye ubushushu buya kususwa nangayiphi na indlela ngaphandle kokonakalisa umqhubi. Ubungakanani bomphetho obanzi kunye nomphetho omxinwa buya kulinganiswa kube kanye ngokulandelelana, kwaye ixabiso eliqhelekileyo lamaxabiso amathathu okulinganisa liya kuthathwa njengobungakanani bomqhubi womphetho obanzi kunye nomphetho omxinwa.
2.3 ubalo
2.3.1 ukuphambuka = ​​D kulinganiswa – D ngokuqhelekileyo
2.3.2 f = umahluko omkhulu kuyo nayiphi na i-diameter reading elinganiswe kwicandelo ngalinye lomqhubi
2.3.3t = umlinganiselo we-DD
Umzekelo 1: kukho ipleyiti ye-qz-2/130 0.71omm enamel wire, kwaye ixabiso lokulinganisa lilandelayo.
Ububanzi bangaphandle: 0.780, 0.778, 0.781, 0.776, 0.779, 0.779; ububanzi bomqhubi: 0.706, 0.709, 0.712. Ububanzi bangaphandle, ububanzi bomqhubi, ukuphambuka, ixabiso lika-F, ubukhulu befilimu yepeyinti buyabalwa kwaye isiqinisekiso siyagwetywa.
Isisombululo: d= (0.780+0.778+0.781+0.776+0.779+0.779) /6=0.779mm, d= (0.706+0.709+0.712) /3=0.709mm, ukuphambuka = ​​D elinganisiweyo ngokwesiqhelo = 0.709-0.710=-0.001mm, f = 0.712-0.706=0.006, t = DD ixabiso elilinganisiweyo = 0.779-0.709=0.070mm
Umlinganiselo ubonisa ukuba ubungakanani bomgca wokugquma buhlangabezana neemfuno ezisemgangathweni.
2.3.4 umgca othe tyaba: ifilimu yepeyinti etyebileyo 0.11 < & ≤ 0.16mm, ifilimu yepeyinti eqhelekileyo 0.06 ＜ & < 0.11mm
I-Amax = a + △ + &max, i-Bmax = b+ △ + &max, xa ububanzi bangaphandle be-AB bungekho ngaphezulu kwe-Amax kunye ne-Bmax, ubukhulu befilimu buvunyelwe ukuba budlule &max, ukuphambuka komlinganiselo oqhelekileyo a (b) a (b) ＜ 3.155 ± 0.030, 3.155 < a (b) ＜ 6.30 ± 0.050, 6.30 < B ≤ 12.50 ± 0.07, 12.50 < B ≤ 16.00 ± 0.100.
Umzekelo, 2: umgca othe tyaba okhoyo qzyb-2/180 2.36 × 6.30mm, ubukhulu obulinganisiweyo a: 2.478, 2.471, 2.469; a:2.341, 2.340, 2.340; b:6.450, 6.448, 6.448; b:6.260, 6.258, 6.259. Ubukhulu, ububanzi bangaphandle kunye nomqhubi wefilimu yepeyinti ziyabalwa kwaye isiqinisekiso siyagwetywa.
Isisombululo: a= (2.478+2.471+2.469) /3=2.473; b= (6.450+6.448+6.448) /3=6.449;
a=（2.341+2.340+2.340）/3=2.340；b=（6.260+6.258+6.259）/3=6.259
Ubukhulu befilimu: 2.473-2.340=0.133mm kwicala a kunye ne 6.499-6.259=0.190mm kwicala B.
Isizathu sobukhulu bomqhubi obungafanelekanga sibangelwa kukuxinana kokumiselwa kwebhodi ngexesha lokupeyinta, ukulungiswa okungafanelekanga kokuqina kwee-felt clips kwinxalenye nganye, okanye ukujikeleza okungaguquguqukiyo kwebhodi yokuphuma kunye nevili lesikhokelo, kunye nokuzoba intambo ngaphandle kweziphene ezifihlakeleyo okanye iinkcukacha ezingalinganiyo zomqhubi ogqityiweyo.
Isizathu esiphambili sobukhulu obungafanelekanga bokugquma ifilimu yepeyinti kukuba i-felt ayilungiswanga kakuhle, okanye i-mold ayifakwanga kakuhle kwaye i-mold ayifakwanga kakuhle. Ukongeza, utshintsho lwesantya senkqubo, i-viscosity yepeyinti, umxholo oqinileyo njalo njalo kuya kuchaphazela ubukhulu befilimu yepeyinti.

ukusebenza
3.1 iipropati zoomatshini: kubandakanya ukunwebeka, i-angle yokujika, ukuthamba kunye nokunamathela, ukukrwela ipeyinti, amandla okutsalwa, njl.njl.
3.1.1 ukwandiswa kubonisa ukuqina kwezinto, ezisetyenziselwa ukuvavanya ukuqina kwentambo ene-enamel.
3.1.2 i-engile ye-springback kunye nokuthamba kubonisa ukuguquguquka kwe-elastic kwezinto, ezinokusetyenziselwa ukuvavanya ukuthamba kwe-enamel wire.
Ukwandiswa, i-engile ye-springback kunye nokuthamba kubonisa umgangatho wobhedu kunye nenqanaba lokutsalwa kwentambo ye-enamel. Izinto eziphambili ezichaphazela ukwanda kunye ne-engile ye-springback yentambo ye-enamel zezi (1) umgangatho wentambo; (2) amandla angaphandle; (3) inqanaba lokutsalwa kwentambo.
3.1.3 ukuqina kwefilimu yepeyinti kubandakanya ukugoba kunye nokusolula, oko kukuthi, ukuguquguquka okuvumelekileyo kokwelula kwefilimu yepeyinti okungaphukiyo kunye nokuguquguquka kokwelula komqhubi.
3.1.4 ukunamathela kwefilimu yepeyinti kubandakanya ukuqhekeka nokuxobuka ngokukhawuleza. Amandla okunamathela kwefilimu yepeyinti kumqhubi wepeyinti avavanywa kakhulu.
Uvavanyo lwe-3.1.5 lokumelana nokukrwela lwefilimu yepeyinti yocingo olune-enamel lubonisa amandla efilimu yepeyinti xa ikrwela ngoomatshini.
3.2 ukumelana nobushushu: kubandakanya ukutshiswa bubushushu kunye novavanyo lokuthamba kokwaphuka.
3.2.1 ukutshayiswa kobushushu bocingo olune-enamel kukunyamezela kobushushu kwefilimu yokugquma yocingo olune-enamel olunobukhulu phantsi kwesenzo soxinzelelo loomatshini.
Izinto ezichaphazela ukutshayiswa kobushushu: ipeyinti, ucingo lwekopolo kunye nenkqubo yokutsalwa kwe-enamel.
3.2.3 ukusebenza kokuthamba nokuqhekeka kocingo olune-enamel yindlela yokulinganisa amandla efilimu yepeyinti yocingo olune-enamel ukumelana nokuguquguquka kobushushu phantsi kwamandla oomatshini, oko kukuthi, amandla efilimu yepeyinti phantsi koxinzelelo lokwenza iplastiki kwaye ithambe kubushushu obuphezulu. Ukusebenza kokuthamba nokuqhekeka kobushushu kwefilimu yocingo olune-enamel kuxhomekeke kwisakhiwo semolekyuli yefilimu kunye namandla aphakathi kweetsheyini zemolekyuli.
3.3 iipropati zombane ziquka: i-voltage yokuqhekeka, ukuqhubeka kwefilimu kunye novavanyo lokumelana ne-DC.
3.3.1 I-voltage yokuqhekeka ibhekisa kumthamo womthwalo we-voltage wefilimu ye-enamel yentambo. Izinto eziphambili ezichaphazela i-voltage yokuqhekeka zezi: (1) ubukhulu befilimu; (2) ukujikeleza kwefilimu; (3) inqanaba lokuphiliswa; (4) ukungcola kwifilimu.
3.3.2 uvavanyo lokuqhubeka kwefilimu lukwabizwa ngokuba luvavanyo lwemingxuma. Izinto eziphambili ezichaphazelayo zezi: (1) izinto zokwenza imveliso; (2) inkqubo yokusebenza; (3) izixhobo.
3.3.3 Ukumelana kwe-DC kubhekisa kwixabiso lokumelana elilinganiswa ngobude beyunithi. Ichaphazeleka kakhulu yile: (1) i-annealing degree; (2) izixhobo ezine-enamel.
3.4 ukumelana neekhemikhali kubandakanya ukumelana nesinyibilikisi kunye nokuwelda ngokuthe ngqo.
3.4.1 Ukumelana ne-solvent: ngokubanzi, ucingo olufakwe kwi-enamel kufuneka ludlule kwinkqubo yokufunxa emva kokujijeka. I-solvent ekwi-varnish yokufunxa inefuthe elahlukileyo lokudumba kwifilimu yepeyinti, ingakumbi kubushushu obuphezulu. Ukumelana neekhemikhali kwefilimu ye-enamel wire kuxhomekeke kakhulu kwiimpawu zefilimu ngokwayo. Phantsi kweemeko ezithile zepeyinti, inkqubo ye-enamel ikwanefuthe elithile ekuxhathiseni kwe-solvent kwentambo efakwe kwi-enamel.
3.4.2 ukusebenza kokuwelda ngokuthe ngqo kwentambo ene-enamel kubonisa amandla okuwelda kwentambo ene-enamel kwinkqubo yokujija ngaphandle kokususa ifilimu yepeyinti. Izinto eziphambili ezichaphazela ukuwelda ngokuthe ngqo zezi: (1) impembelelo yetekhnoloji, (2) impembelelo yepeyinti.

ukusebenza
3.1 iipropati zoomatshini: kubandakanya ukunwebeka, i-angle yokujika, ukuthamba kunye nokunamathela, ukukrwela ipeyinti, amandla okutsalwa, njl.njl.
3.1.1 Ukwandiswa kubonakalisa ubumdaka bezinto kwaye kusetyenziselwa ukuvavanya ukuguguleka kwentambo ene-enamel.
3.1.2 i-engile ye-springback kunye nokuthamba kubonisa ukuguquguquka kwe-elastic kwezinto kwaye zingasetyenziselwa ukuvavanya ukuthamba kwentambo ene-enamel.
Ukwandiswa, i-engile ye-springback kunye nokuthamba kubonisa umgangatho wobhedu kunye nenqanaba lokutsalwa kwentambo ye-enamel. Izinto eziphambili ezichaphazela ukutsalwa kwentambo ye-enamel yile (1) umgangatho wentambo; (2) amandla angaphandle; (3) inqanaba lokutsalwa kwentambo.
3.1.3 ukuqina kwefilimu yepeyinti kubandakanya ukugoba kunye nokusolula, oko kukuthi, ukuguquguquka okuvumelekileyo kwefilimu yepeyinti akuphuki kunye nokuguquguquka komqhubi.
3.1.4 ukunamathela kwefilimu kubandakanya ukuqhekeka ngokukhawuleza kunye nokuqhekeka. Amandla okunamathela kwefilimu yepeyinti kumqhubi avavanyiwe.
3.1.5 uvavanyo lokumelana nokukrwela lwefilimu yentsimbi efakwe enamel lubonisa amandla efilimu xa ithelekiswa nokukrwela koomatshini.
3.2 ukumelana nobushushu: kubandakanya ukutshiswa bubushushu kunye novavanyo lokuthamba kokwaphuka.
3.2.1 Ukutshayiswa kobushushu kwentambo enamel kubhekisa ekuchaseni kobushushu kwefilimu yokugquma yentambo enamel enkulu phantsi koxinzelelo loomatshini.
Izinto ezichaphazela ukutshayiswa kobushushu: ipeyinti, ucingo lwekopolo kunye nenkqubo yokutsalwa kwe-enamel.
3.2.3 ukusebenza kokuthamba nokuqhekeka kwentambo ene-enamel yindlela yokulinganisa amandla efilimu yentambo ene-enamel ukumelana nokuguquguquka kobushushu phantsi kwesenzo samandla oomatshini, oko kukuthi, amandla efilimu okwenza iplastiki kwaye ithambe phantsi kobushushu obuphezulu phantsi kwesenzo soxinzelelo. Iipropati zokuthamba nokwaphuka kobushushu zefilimu yentambo ene-enamel zixhomekeke kwisakhiwo se-molecular kunye namandla phakathi kwee-molecular chains.
3.3 ukusebenza kombane kuquka: i-voltage yokuqhekeka, ukuqhubeka kwefilimu kunye novavanyo lokumelana ne-DC.
3.3.1 I-voltage yokuqhekeka ibhekisa kumthamo wokulayisha i-voltage yefilimu ye-enamel. Izinto eziphambili ezichaphazela i-voltage yokuqhekeka zezi: (1) ubukhulu befilimu; (2) ukujikeleza kwefilimu; (3) inqanaba lokuphilisa; (4) ukungcola kwifilimu.
3.3.2 uvavanyo lokuqhubeka kwefilimu lukwabizwa ngokuba luvavanyo lwemingxuma. Izinto eziphambili ezinefuthe zezi: (1) izinto zokwenza imveliso; (2) inkqubo yokusebenza; (3) izixhobo.
3.3.3 Ukumelana kwe-DC kubhekisa kwixabiso lokumelana elilinganiswa ngobude beyunithi. Ichaphazeleka kakhulu zezi zinto zilandelayo: (1) i-annealing degree; (2) izixhobo ze-enamel.
3.4 ukumelana neekhemikhali kubandakanya ukumelana nesinyibilikisi kunye nokuwelda ngokuthe ngqo.
3.4.1 Ukumelana ne-solvent: ngokubanzi, ucingo olufakwe kwi-enamel kufuneka lufakwe emva kokujijwa. I-solvent ekwi-varnish efakelwayo inefuthe elahlukileyo lokudumba kwifilimu, ingakumbi kubushushu obuphezulu. Ukumelana neekhemikhali kwefilimu yocingo olufakwe kwi-enamel kuxhomekeka kakhulu kwiimpawu zefilimu ngokwayo. Phantsi kweemeko ezithile ze-coating, inkqubo ye-coating ikwanefuthe elithile kwi-solvent resistance ye-wire efakwe kwi-enamel.
3.4.2 ukusebenza kokuwelda ngokuthe ngqo kwentambo ene-enamel kubonisa amandla okuwelda kwentambo ene-enamel kwinkqubo yokujika ngaphandle kokususa ifilimu yepeyinti. Izinto eziphambili ezichaphazela ukunyibilika ngokuthe ngqo zezi: (1) impembelelo yetekhnoloji, (2) impembelelo yokugquma

inkqubo yetekhnoloji
Intlawulo → ukuqhoboshela → ukupeyinta → ukubhaka → ukupholisa → ukuthambisa → ukuthatha
Ukuqalisa
Kwindlela eqhelekileyo yokusebenza kwe-enameller, uninzi lwamandla omqhubi kunye namandla akhe omzimba asetyenziswa kwinxalenye yokuhlawula. Ukutshintsha i-pay off reel kwenza umqhubi ahlawule umsebenzi omninzi, kwaye ijoyinti kulula ukuvelisa iingxaki zomgangatho kunye nokungaphumeleli kokusebenza. Indlela esebenzayo kukubeka umthamo omkhulu.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo ekufuneka uyihlawule kukulawula uxinzelelo. Xa uxinzelelo luphezulu, aluyi kwenza nje umqhubi abe mxinwa, kodwa lukwachaphazela neepropati ezininzi zocingo olufakwe i-enamel. Ngokwembonakalo, ucingo olubhityileyo alunakukhanya; ngokwembono yokusebenza, ubude, ukuqina, ukuguquguquka kunye noxinzelelo lobushushu locingo olufakwe i-enamel luyachaphazeleka. Uxinzelelo lomgca wokuhlawula mncinci kakhulu, umgca kulula ukuwutsiba, nto leyo ebangela ukuba umgca wokutsala kunye nomgca uchukumise umlomo wesithando somlilo. Xa ubeka, eyona nto yoyikisayo kukuba uxinzelelo lwesiqingatha sesangqa lukhulu kwaye uxinzelelo lwesiqingatha sesangqa luncinci. Oku akuyi kwenza nje ukuba ucingo lukhululeke kwaye luqhekeke, kodwa kunokubangela nokubetheka okukhulu kocingo kwi-oven, okubangela ukungaphumeleli kokudibana nokuchukumisa ucingo. Uxinzelelo lokuhlawula kufuneka lulingane kwaye lufaneleke.
Kuluncedo kakhulu ukufaka ivili lamandla elibekwe phambi kwesithando somlilo esibandayo ukulawula uxinzelelo. Uxinzelelo oluphezulu olungandiyo lwentambo yobhedu eguquguqukayo lumalunga ne-15kg / mm2 kubushushu begumbi, i-7kg / mm2 kwi-400 ℃, i-4kg / mm2 kwi-460 ℃ kunye ne-2kg / mm2 kwi-500 ℃. Kwinkqubo eqhelekileyo yokugquma ucingo olune-enamel, uxinzelelo lwentambo olune-enamel kufuneka lube ngaphantsi kakhulu kunoxinzelelo olungandiyo, olufanele lulawulwe malunga ne-50%, kwaye uxinzelelo lokuseta kufuneka lulawulwe malunga ne-20% yoxinzelelo olungandiyo.
Isixhobo sokuhlawula uhlobo lokujikeleza ngeradial sidla ngokusetyenziselwa i-spool enkulu kunye ne-spool enomthamo omkhulu; isixhobo sokuhlawula uhlobo olungaphezulu okanye uhlobo lwebrashi sidla ngokusetyenziselwa i-conductor yobukhulu obuphakathi; isixhobo sokuhlawula uhlobo lwebrashi okanye isixhobo sokuhlawula uhlobo lwe-sleeve olune-double cone sidla ngokusetyenziselwa i-conductor yobukhulu obuncinci.
Nokuba yeyiphi indlela yokuhlawula eyamkelweyo, kukho iimfuno ezingqongqo zesakhiwo kunye nomgangatho we-reel ye-copper wire reel engenanto.
—-Umphezulu kufuneka ube bushelelezi ukuqinisekisa ukuba ucingo alukrwelwa
—-Kukho ii-engile ze-radius r ze-2-4mm kumacala omabini e-shaft core nangaphakathi nangaphandle kwepleyiti esecaleni, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba i-setting out ilungelelene kwinkqubo yokuseta.
—-Emva kokuba i-spool isetyenzisiwe, kufuneka kwenziwe uvavanyo lwebhalansi engaguqukiyo neguquguqukayo
—-Ububanzi bombindi we-shaft yesixhobo sokuhlawula ibhrashi: ububanzi bepleyiti esecaleni bungaphantsi kwe-1:1.7; ububanzi besixhobo sokuhlawula ngaphezulu bungaphantsi kwe-1:1.9, kungenjalo ucingo luya kuqhekeka xa luhlawula kwi-shaft core.

ukucoca
Injongo yokufakelwa kwe-annealing kukwenza umqhubi aqine ngenxa yotshintsho lwe-lattice kwinkqubo yokuzoba ye-die eshushu kubushushu obuthile, ukuze ukuthamba okufunekayo kwinkqubo kubuyiselwe emva kokulungiswa kwe-lattice ye-molecular. Kwangaxeshanye, i-lubricant eseleyo kunye ne-oyile kumphezulu womqhubi ngexesha lenkqubo yokuzoba zinokususwa, ukuze ucingo lukwazi ukupeyintwa ngokulula kwaye umgangatho wentambo ye-enamel uqinisekiswe. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuqinisekisa ukuba ucingo lwe-enamel lunokuguquguquka okufanelekileyo kunye nokwandiswa kwenkqubo yokusebenzisa njenge-winding, kwaye inceda ukuphucula ukuhanjiswa kwe-conductivity ngaxeshanye.
Okukhona ukuguquguquka komqhubi kukhulu, kokukhona ukwandiswa kobude kunye namandla okuxinana aphezulu.
Kukho iindlela ezintathu eziqhelekileyo zokufaka ucingo lobhedu: ukuqhoboshela i-coil; ukuqhoboshela okuqhubekayo kumatshini wokuzoba ucingo; ukuqhoboshela okuqhubekayo kumatshini wokuqhoboshela. Ezi ndlela zimbini zangaphambili azinakwanelisa iimfuno zenkqubo yokuqhoboshela. Ukuqhoboshela i-coil kunokuthambisa ucingo lobhedu kuphela, kodwa ukususa amafutha akuphelelanga. Ngenxa yokuba ucingo luthambile emva kokuqhoboshela, ukugoba kuyandiswa ngexesha lokuhlawula. Ukuqhoboshela okuqhubekayo kumatshini wokuzoba ucingo kunokuthambisa ucingo lobhedu kwaye kususe igrisi yomphezulu, kodwa emva kokuqhoboshela, ucingo lobhedu oluthambileyo luyopha kwi-coil kwaye lwenze ukugoba okuninzi. Ukuqhoboshela okuqhubekayo ngaphambi kokupeyinta kwi-enameller akunakufezekisa injongo yokuthomalalisa nokususa amafutha kuphela, kodwa nocingo oluqhoboshelweyo luthe tye kakhulu, ngqo kwisixhobo sokupeyinta, kwaye lunokugqunywa ngefilimu yepeyinti efanayo.
Ubushushu besithando somlilo esitsalwa ngamanzi kufuneka bumiselwe ngokobude besithando somlilo esitsalwa ngamanzi, iinkcukacha zentambo yobhedu kunye nesantya somgca. Kubushushu obufanayo kunye nesantya, kokukhona isithando somlilo esitsalwa ngamanzi sihlala ixesha elide, kokukhona ukubuyiselwa ngokupheleleyo kwelatisi yomqhubi. Xa ubushushu besithando somlilo buphantsi, kokukhona ubushushu besithando buphezulu, kokukhona ukwandiswa kobushushu. Kodwa xa ubushushu besithando somlilo buphezulu kakhulu, kuya kuvela into eyahlukileyo. Okukhona ubushushu besithando somlilo buphezulu, kokukhona ukwanda kobude buncinci, kwaye umphezulu wentambo uya kulahlekelwa bukukhanya, nokuba buqhekeke.
Ubushushu obuphezulu kakhulu besithando somlilo esitsaliweyo abuchaphazeli nje kuphela ubomi benkonzo yesithando somlilo, kodwa bukwatshisa intambo ngokulula xa imisiwe ukuze igqitywe, iphukile kwaye ifakelwe imisonto. Ubushushu obuphezulu besithando somlilo esitsaliweyo kufuneka bulawulwe malunga nama-500 ℃. Kuyasebenza ukukhetha indawo yokulawula ubushushu kwindawo eqikelelweyo yobushushu obungaguqukiyo nobutshintshatshintshayo ngokusebenzisa ulawulo lobushushu olunezigaba ezibini zesithando somlilo.
Kulula ukuyinyibilikisa iCopper xa ishushu kakhulu. ICopper oxide ikhululekile kakhulu, kwaye ifilimu yepeyinti ayinakunamathela ngokuqinileyo kwintambo yecopper. ICopper oxide inefuthe lokutsala ukuguga kwefilimu yepeyinti, kwaye inemiphumo emibi ekuguquguqukeni, ukuthuthumela kobushushu kunye nokuguga kobushushu kwentambo ene-enamel. Ukuba umqhubi wecopper akaxiliswanga, kuyimfuneko ukugcina umqhubi wecopper engadibani neoksijini emoyeni xa ishushu kakhulu, ngoko ke kufuneka kubekho igesi ekhuselayo. Uninzi lwee-annealing furnaces zivaliwe ngamanzi kwelinye icala kwaye zivuleke kwelinye. Amanzi kwi-annealing furnace tank anemisebenzi emithathu: ukuvala umlomo we-furnace, ucingo olupholisayo, ukuvelisa umphunga njengegesi ekhuselayo. Ekuqaleni kokuqalisa, kuba kukho umphunga omncinci kwi-annealing tube, umoya awunakususwa ngexesha, ngoko ke isixa esincinci sesisombululo samanzi otywala (1:1) sinokugalelwa kwi-annealing tube. (qaphela ukuba ungagaleli utywala obucocekileyo kwaye ulawule umthamo)
Umgangatho wamanzi kwitanki yokufunxa amanzi ubaluleke kakhulu. Ukungcola emanzini kuya kwenza ucingo lungabi cocekile, kuchaphazele umzobo, kungakwazi ukwenza ifilimu egudileyo. Umxholo we-chlorine wamanzi abuyiselweyo kufuneka ube ngaphantsi kwe-5mg / L, kwaye umbane kufuneka ube ngaphantsi kwe-50 μ Ω / cm. Ii-ion ze-chloride ezinamathele kumphezulu wentambo yobhedu ziya kugqwala ucingo lobhedu kunye nefilimu yokupenda emva kwexesha elithile, kwaye zivelise amabala amnyama kumphezulu wentambo kwifilimu yokupenda yentambo enamel. Ukuze kuqinisekiswe umgangatho, isinki kufuneka icocwe rhoqo.
Kufuneka ubushushu bamanzi etankini. Ubushushu bamanzi obuphezulu bunceda ekuveleni komphunga ukukhusela ucingo lobhedu olufakwe emanzini. Ucingo oluphuma kwitanki yamanzi alulula ukuthwala amanzi, kodwa aluncedi ekupholeni kocingo. Nangona ubushushu bamanzi obuphantsi budlala indima yokupholisa, kukho amanzi amaninzi kwintambo, nto leyo engalunganga ekupeyintweni. Ngokubanzi, ubushushu bamanzi bomgca otyebileyo buphantsi, kwaye obomgca otyebileyo buphezulu. Xa ucingo lobhedu luphuma kumphezulu wamanzi, kukho isandi sokufuma nokutshiza amanzi, nto leyo ebonisa ukuba ubushushu bamanzi buphezulu kakhulu. Ngokubanzi, umgca otyebileyo ulawulwa kwi-50 ~ 60 ℃, umgca ophakathi ulawulwa kwi-60 ~ 70 ℃, kwaye umgca otyebileyo ulawulwa kwi-70 ~ 80 ℃. Ngenxa yesantya sawo esiphezulu kunye nengxaki enkulu yokuthwala amanzi, umgca otyebileyo kufuneka womiswe ngumoya oshushu.

Ukupeyinta
Ukupeyinta yinkqubo yokupeyinta ucingo lokupeyinta kwi-conductor yesinyithi ukuze kwenziwe upende ofanayo onobukhulu obuthile. Oku kunxulumene neziganeko ezininzi zomzimba zeendlela zolwelo kunye nokupeyinta.
1. iziganeko ezibonakalayo
1) Ukuqina xa ulwelo luhamba, ukungqubana phakathi kweemolekyuli kubangela ukuba imolekyuli enye ihambe nolunye ungqimba. Ngenxa yamandla okusebenzisana, ungqimba lokugqibela lweemolekyuli luthintela intshukumo yongqimba lwangaphambili lweemolekyuli, ngaloo ndlela lubonisa umsebenzi wokunamathela, obizwa ngokuba yi-viscosity. Iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokupenda kunye neenkcukacha ezahlukeneyo zomqhubi zifuna ukuqina okwahlukileyo kwepeyinti. Ukuqina kunxulumene kakhulu nobunzima beemolekyuli ze-resin, ubunzima beemolekyuli ze-resin bukhulu, kwaye ukuqina kwepeyinti bukhulu. Isetyenziselwa ukupenda umgca orhabaxa, kuba iipropati zoomatshini zefilimu ezifunyenwe bubunzima beemolekyuli eziphezulu zingcono. I-resin ene-viscosity encinci isetyenziselwa ukugquma umgca omncinci, kwaye ubunzima beemolekyuli ze-resin buncinci kwaye kulula ukugquma ngokulinganayo, kwaye ifilimu yepeyinti igudile.
2) Kukho iimolekyuli ezijikeleze iimolekyuli ngaphakathi kolwelo lokuxinana komphezulu. Ubunzima obuphakathi kwezi molekyuli bunokufikelela kwibhalansi yexeshana. Kwelinye icala, amandla somaleko weemolekyuli kumphezulu wolwelo axhomekeke kubunzima beemolekyuli zolwelo, kwaye amandla awo akhomba kubunzulu bolwelo, kwelinye icala, axhomekeke kubunzima beemolekyuli zegesi. Nangona kunjalo, iimolekyuli zegesi zingaphantsi kweemolekyuli zolwelo kwaye zikude kakhulu. Ke ngoko, iimolekyuli kumphezulu wolwelo zinokufezekiswa Ngenxa yobunzima obungaphakathi kolwelo, umphezulu wolwelo uncipha kangangoko kunokwenzeka ukuze wenze i-bead engqukuva. Umphezulu womphezulu wesphere ngowona mncinci kwi-geometry yomthamo ofanayo. Ukuba ulwelo aluchaphazeleki ngamanye amandla, luhlala luyi-spherical phantsi koxinzelelo lomphezulu.
Ngokwengxinano yomphezulu wolwelo lwepeyinti, ukugoba komphezulu ongalinganiyo kwahlukile, kwaye uxinzelelo oluhle lwenqaku ngalinye alulingani. Ngaphambi kokuba ungene kwisithando sopende, ulwelo lwepeyinti kwindawo etyebileyo luhamba luye kwindawo encinci yingxinano yomphezulu, ukuze ulwelo lwepeyinti lufane. Le nkqubo ibizwa ngokuba yinkqubo yokulinganisa. Ukufana kwefilimu yepeyinti kuchatshazelwa yimpembelelo yokulinganisa, kwaye kuchatshazelwa nangumxhuzulane. Zombini ziyisiphumo samandla aphumayo.
Emva kokuba i-felt yenziwe ngomqhubi wepeyinti, kubakho inkqubo yokutsala ijikelezile. Ngenxa yokuba ucingo lugqunywe yi-felt, imilo yolwelo lwepeyinti imile okwe-olive. Ngeli xesha, phantsi kwesenzo soxinzelelo lomphezulu, isisombululo sepeyinti siyoyisa i-viscosity yepeyinti ngokwayo kwaye siguquke sibe sisangqa ngephanyazo. Inkqubo yokuzoba nokujikelezisa isisombululo sepeyinti iboniswe kumfanekiso:
1 – umqhubi wepeyinti kwifeliti 2 – umzuzu wokuphuma kwefeliti 3 – ulwelo lwepeyinti lujikelezwe ngenxa yoxinzelelo lomphezulu
Ukuba iinkcukacha zentambo zincinci, i-viscosity yepeyinti incinci, kwaye ixesha elifunekayo lokuzoba isangqa lincinci; ukuba iinkcukacha zentambo ziyanda, i-viscosity yepeyinti iyanda, kwaye ixesha elifunekayo lokujikeleza nalo likhulu. Kwipeyinti ene-viscosity ephezulu, ngamanye amaxesha uxinzelelo lomphezulu alukwazi ukoyisa ukungqubana kwangaphakathi kwepeyinti, okubangela umaleko wepeyinti ongalinganiyo.
Xa ucingo olugqunyiweyo luvakala, kusekho ingxaki yomxhuzulane kwinkqubo yokuzoba nokujikelezisa umaleko wepeyinti. Ukuba ixesha lesenzo sesangqa sokutsala lifutshane, i-engile ebukhali yomnquma iya kunyamalala ngokukhawuleza, ixesha lesiphumo sesenzo somxhuzulane kuyo lifutshane kakhulu, kwaye umaleko wepeyinti kwi-conductor uyafana. Ukuba ixesha lokuzoba lide, i-engile ebukhali kuzo zombini iziphelo inexesha elide kwaye ixesha lesenzo somxhuzulane lide. Ngeli xesha, umaleko wepeyinti kwikona ebukhali unendlela yokuhla kokuhamba, nto leyo eyenza umaleko wepeyinti kwiindawo zasekuhlaleni ube mkhulu, kwaye uxinzelelo lomphezulu lubangela ukuba ulwelo lwepeyinti lutsale lube yibhola lube ngamasuntswana. Ngenxa yokuba umxhuzulane ubonakala kakhulu xa umaleko wepeyinti umkhulu, akuvumelekanga ukuba ube mkhulu kakhulu xa kusetyenziswa ulwelo ngalunye, oluyenye yezizathu zokuba "ipeyinti encinci isetyenziselwa ukugcoba ngaphezulu kwengubo enye" ​​xa kufakwa ulwelo kumgca wokugcoba.
Xa kugqunywa umgca omncinci, ukuba utyebile, uyancipha phantsi kwesenzo soxinzelelo lomphezulu, wenze uboya obumile okwe-wavy okanye i-bamboo.
Ukuba kukho i-burr encinci kakhulu kwi-conductor, i-burr ayilula ukuyipeyinta phantsi kwesenzo soxinzelelo lomphezulu, kwaye kulula ukuyilahla kwaye incinci, nto leyo ebangela umngxuma wenaliti yocingo olune-enamel.
Ukuba umqhubi ojikelezayo ungqindilili, phantsi kwesenzo soxinzelelo olongezelelweyo, umaleko wolwelo lwepeyinti ubhityile kwiziphelo ezimbini ze-elliptical long axis kwaye utyebile kwiziphelo ezimbini ze-short axis, nto leyo ebangela ukuba kubekho into engalinganiyo. Ke ngoko, ungqukuva wocingo lobhedu olujikelezileyo olusetyenziselwa ucingo olune-enamel kufuneka luhlangabezane neemfuno.
Xa iqamza lenziwe ngepeyinti, iqamza ngumoya ogqunywe kwisisombululo sepeyinti ngexesha lokuxukuxa nokutyisa. Ngenxa yomlinganiselo omncinci womoya, linyuka liye kumphezulu wangaphandle ngokubhabha. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yoxinzelelo lomphezulu wolwelo lwepeyinti, umoya awukwazi ukugqobhoza kumphezulu uhlale kulwelo lwepeyinti. Olu hlobo lwepeyinti oluneqamza lomoya lusetyenziswa kumphezulu wentambo kwaye lungena kwisithando sokusonga ipeyinti. Emva kokufudumeza, umoya uyakhula ngokukhawuleza, kwaye ulwelo lwepeyinti luyapeyintwa Xa uxinzelelo lomphezulu wolwelo lunciphile ngenxa yobushushu, umphezulu womgca wokugquma awugudi.
3) Ingxaki yokumanzisa kukuba amathontsi e-mercury ayancipha abe zii-ellipses kwipleyiti yeglasi, kwaye amathontsi amanzi ayanda kwipleyiti yeglasi ukuze enze umaleko omncinci oneziko elingqukuva kancinci. Eyokuqala yingxaki yokungamanzisi, kwaye eyesibini yingxaki yokufuma. Ukumanzisa luphawu lwamandla eemolekyuli. Ukuba ubunzima phakathi kweemolekyuli zolwelo bungaphantsi kobo buphakathi kolwelo noluqinileyo, ulwelo lufumisa into eqinileyo, kwaye emva koko ulwelo lunokugqunywa ngokulinganayo phezu komphezulu wento eqinileyo; ukuba ubunzima phakathi kweemolekyuli zolwelo bukhulu kunobo buphakathi kolwelo noluqinileyo, ulwelo alunakumanzisa into eqinileyo, kwaye ulwelo luya kuncipha lube yingqokelela kumphezulu oqinileyo. Liqela. Zonke izinto ezimanzi zinokumanzisa ezinye izinto eziqinileyo, hayi ezinye. I-engile ephakathi komgca we-tangent wenqanaba lolwelo kunye nomgca we-tangent womphezulu oqinileyo ibizwa ngokuba yi-contact angle. I-engile yoqhagamshelwano ingaphantsi kwe-90 ° ulwelo oluqinileyo olumanzi, kwaye ulwelo alumanzisi into eqinileyo kwi-90 ° nangaphezulu.
Ukuba umphezulu wocingo lobhedu ukhanya kwaye ucocekile, ungafakwa umaleko wepeyinti. Ukuba umphezulu ungcoliswe yioyile, i-engile yoqhagamshelwano phakathi komqhubi kunye nojongano lolwelo lwepeyinti iyachaphazeleka. Ulwelo lwepeyinti luya kutshintsha ukusuka ekubeni manzi ukuya ekubeni manzi. Ukuba ucingo lobhedu luqinile, ulungelelwaniso lwe-molecular lattice yomphezulu alunamdla ungako kwipeyinti, nto leyo engayi kuyenza i-copper wire imanziswe yi-lacquer solution.
4) I-Capillary phenomenon ulwelo oluseludongeni lombhobho luyanda, kwaye ulwelo olungamanzisi udonga lombhobho luyancipha kwityhubhu lubizwa ngokuba yi-capillary phenomenon. Oku kungenxa ye-wetting phenomenon kunye nefuthe loxinzelelo lomphezulu. Ukupenda nge-felt kukusebenzisa i-capillary phenomenon. Xa ulwelo lumanzisa udonga lombhobho, ulwelo luyanyuka ecaleni kodonga lombhobho ukuze lwenze umphezulu ogobileyo, onyusa indawo yomphezulu wolwelo, kwaye uxinzelelo lomphezulu kufuneka lwenze umphezulu wolwelo unciphe ube mncinci. Phantsi kwale mandla, inqanaba lolwelo liya kuba tye. Ulwelo oluseludongeni lombhobho luya kunyuka ngokunyuka de kube nefuthe lokumanzisa kunye noxinzelelo lomphezulu lutsalela phezulu kwaye ubunzima bekholamu yolwelo kumbhobho bufikelela kwibhalansi, ulwelo oluseludongeni luya kuyeka. Yeka ukunyuka. Okukhona i-capillary incinci, kokukhona ubunzima bolwelo buncinci, kokukhona i-engile yoqhagamshelwano lokumanzisa incinci, kokukhona uxinzelelo lomphezulu luphezulu, kokukhona inqanaba lolwelo liphezulu kwi-capillary, kokukhona i-capillary icacile.

2. Indlela yokupeyinta ngefelti
Ulwakhiwo lwendlela yokupeyinta ngefeliti lulula kwaye ukusebenza kulula. Ukuba nje ifeliti ibotshelelwe macala omabini entambo ngefeliti, iimpawu ezikhululekileyo, ezithambileyo, ezithambileyo nezinemingxuma zefeliti zisetyenziselwa ukwenza umngxuma wokubumba, ukukrazula ipeyinti egqithisileyo kwintambo, ukufunxa, ukugcina, ukuhambisa nokwenza ulwelo lwepeyinti nge-capillary phenomenon, kunye nokusebenzisa ulwelo lwepeyinti olufanayo kumphezulu wentambo.
Indlela yokugquma i-felt ayifanelekanga kwipeyinti ye-enamel ene-solvent volatilization ekhawulezayo kakhulu okanye i-viscosity ephezulu kakhulu. I-solvent volatilization ekhawulezayo kakhulu kunye ne-viscosity ephezulu kakhulu iya kuvala ii-pores ze-felt kwaye ilahlekelwe ngokukhawuleza kukuqina kwayo okuhle kunye nokukwazi kwayo ukuphotha i-capillary.
Xa usebenzisa indlela yokupeyinta ngefelthi, kufuneka kuqwalaselwe oku kulandelayo:
1) Umgama phakathi kwe-clamp yefelti kunye nokungena kwe-oven. Xa kujongwa amandla okulinganisa kunye nomxhuzulane emva kokupeyinta, izinto ezibangela ukuxhonywa komgca kunye nomxhuzulane wepeyinti, umgama phakathi kwefelti kunye netanki yepeyinti (umatshini othe tye) yi-50-80mm, kwaye umgama phakathi kwefelti kunye nomlomo we-furnace yi-200-250mm.
2) Iinkcukacha zefelti. Xa kugqunywa iinkcukacha ezirhabaxa, ifelti kufuneka ibe banzi, ityebile, ithambile, ithambile, kwaye ineembobo ezininzi. Ifelti kulula ukuyenza imingxunya emikhulu yokubumba kwinkqubo yokupeyinta, inomlinganiselo omkhulu wokugcina ipeyinti kunye nokuhanjiswa ngokukhawuleza. Kufuneka ibe mxinwa, ibhityile, ixinene kwaye ineembobo ezincinci xa kufakwa umsonto ocolekileyo. Ifelti ingasongwa ngelaphu loboya bekotoni okanye ilaphu le-T-shirt ukuze yenze umphezulu ocolekileyo nothambileyo, ukuze ubungakanani bokupenda bube buncinci kwaye bufane.
Iimfuneko zobukhulu kunye noxinano lwefelt egqunyiweyo
Inkcazo mm ububanzi × ubukhulu uxinano g / cm3 inkcazo mm ububanzi × ubukhulu uxinano g / cm3
0.8~2.5 50×16 0.14~0.16 0.1~0.2 30×6 0.25~0.30
0.4~0.8 40×12 0.16~0.20 0.05~0.10 25×4 0.30~0.35
20 ~ 0.250.05 ngaphantsi kwe-20 × 30.35 ~ 0.40
3) Umgangatho wefelti. Ifelti yoboya esemgangathweni ophezulu enefayibha encinci nende iyafuneka ekupeyinteni (ifayibha eyenziweyo enokumelana nobushushu obuhle kunye nokumelana nokuguguleka isetyenzisiwe ukuthatha indawo yefelti yoboya kumazwe angaphandle). 5%, pH = 7, ubukhulu obugudileyo nobulinganayo.
4) Iimfuneko ze-felt splint. I-splint kufuneka icwangciswe kwaye icutshungulwe ngokuchanekileyo, ngaphandle kokugqwala, igcine umphezulu othe tyaba kunye ne-felt, ngaphandle kokugoba kunye nokuguquka. Ii-splint zobunzima obahlukeneyo kufuneka zilungiswe ngeedayamitha ezahlukeneyo zocingo. Ukuqina kwe-felt kufuneka kulawulwe yi-self gravity ye-splint kangangoko kunokwenzeka, kwaye kufuneka kuthintelwe ukuba icinezelwe ngesikrufu okanye ngentwasahlobo. Indlela yokuziqinisa ingenza ukuba uboya bomsonto ngamnye buhambelane.
5) I-felt kufuneka ihambelane kakuhle nobonelelo lwepeyinti. Phantsi kwemeko yokuba izinto zepeyinti azitshintshi, ubungakanani bobonelelo lwepeyinti bungalawulwa ngokulungelelanisa ukujikeleza kwerola yokuhambisa ipeyinti. Indawo ye-felt, i-splint kunye ne-conductor kufuneka zilungiswe ukuze umngxuma we-die obumbayo ulingane nomqhubi, ukuze kugcinwe uxinzelelo olufanayo lwe-felt kumqhubi. Indawo ethe tyaba yevili lesikhokelo somatshini we-enameling othe tyaba kufuneka ibe ngaphantsi kunephezulu kwerola ye-enameling, kwaye ukuphakama kwephezulu kwerola ye-enameling kunye nombindi we-interlayer ye-felt kufuneka kube kumgca ofanayo othe tyaba. Ukuqinisekisa ubukhulu befilimu kunye nokugqitywa kwentambo ye-enameling, kufanelekile ukusebenzisa ukujikeleza okuncinci kobonelelo lwepeyinti. Ulwelo lwepeyinti lufakwa kwibhokisi enkulu yepeyinti, kwaye ipeyinti yokujikeleza ifakwa kwi-tank encinci yepeyinti ukusuka kwibhokisi enkulu yepeyinti. Ngokusetyenziswa kwepeyinti, itanki encinci yepeyinti ixhaswa rhoqo yipeyinti ekwibhokisi enkulu yepeyinti, ukuze ipeyinti ekwitanki encinci yepeyinti igcine i-viscosity efanayo kunye nomxholo oqinileyo.
6) Emva kokusetyenziswa ixesha elithile, iimbobo zefelt egqunyiweyo ziya kuvalwa ngumgubo wobhedu kwintambo yobhedu okanye ezinye izinto ezingcolisayo kwipeyinti. Intambo ephukileyo, ucingo olunamathelayo okanye ijoyinti ekwimveliso nayo iya kukrwela kwaye yonakalise umphezulu othambileyo nolinganayo wefelt. Umphezulu wentambo uya konakaliswa kukungqubana kwexesha elide nefelt. Ubushushu bomphezulu emlonyeni wesithando somlilo buya kuyiqinisa ifelt, ngoko ke kufuneka itshintshwe rhoqo.
7) Ukupenda ngefeliti kuneengxaki zako ezingenakuphepheka. Ukutshintshwa rhoqo, izinga lokusetyenziswa eliphantsi, ukwanda kweemveliso zenkunkuma, ukulahleka okukhulu kwefeliti; ubukhulu befilimu phakathi kwemigca akulula ukufikelela kuyo; kulula ukubangela ukungaqhelekanga kwefilimu; isantya silinganiselwe. Ngenxa yokuba ukungqubana okubangelwa kukuhamba phakathi kwentambo kunye nefeliti xa isantya sentambo sikhawuleza kakhulu, kuya kuvelisa ubushushu, kutshintshe ukuxinana kwepeyinti, kwaye kutshise nefeliti; ukusebenza okungafanelekanga kuya kuzisa ifeliti esithandweni kwaye kubangele umlilo Iingozi; kukho iintambo zefeliti kwifilimu yentambo ye-enamel, eziya kuba nemiphumo emibi kwintambo ye-enamel enganyangekiyo kubushushu obuphezulu; ipeyinti ye-viscosity ephezulu ayinakusetyenziswa, eya kunyusa iindleko.

3. Ipasi yokupenda
Inani leepaseji zokupenda lichaphazeleka ngumxholo oqinileyo, ukuxinana, uxinzelelo lomphezulu, i-engile yoqhagamshelwano, isantya sokomisa, indlela yokupenda kunye nobukhulu bokugquma. Ipeyinti yocingo oluqhelekileyo olune-enamel kufuneka igqunywe kwaye ibhakwe amaxesha amaninzi ukuze inyibilikise ngokupheleleyo, impendulo ye-resin igqitywe, kwaye kwenziwe ifilimu elungileyo.
Ipeyinti yesantya sopende yomxholo oqinileyo woxinzelelo lomphezulu wepeyinti ye-viscosity indlela yokupenda ipeyinti ye-viscosity
Isikhunta esikhawulezayo nesicothayo esiphakamileyo nesisezantsi esityebileyo nesincinci esiphakamileyo nesisezantsi esivalekileyo
Zingaphi izihlandlo zokupenda
Ingubo yokuqala yeyona nto ibalulekileyo. Ukuba incinci kakhulu, ifilimu iya kuvelisa umoya othile, kwaye umqhubi wekopolo uya kunyibilikiswa, kwaye ekugqibeleni umphezulu wocingo olufakwe kwi-enamel uya kudubula. Ukuba ityebile kakhulu, impendulo yokudibanisa isenokunganeli kwaye ukunamathela kwefilimu kuya kuncipha, kwaye ipeyinti iya kuncipha encamini emva kokuqhekeka.
Ugqubuthelo lokugqibela luncinci, nto leyo eluncedo ekuxhathiseni ukukrweleka kwentambo ene-enamel.
Ekuvelisweni komgca weenkcukacha ezincinci, inani leepaseji zokupenda lichaphazela ngqo inkangeleko kunye nokusebenza kwemingxuma yepinki.

ukubhaka
Emva kokuba ucingo lupeyintiwe, lungena e-oven. Okokuqala, isinyibilikisi esikwipeyinti siyaphuma, size siqine size senze umaleko wefilimu yepeyinti. Emva koko, siyapeyintwa size sibhakwe. Yonke inkqubo yokubhaka igqitywa ngokuphinda oku izihlandlo ezininzi.
1. Ukusasazwa kobushushu be-oven
Ukusasazwa kobushushu be-oven kunempembelelo enkulu ekubhakeni ucingo olune-enamel. Kukho iimfuno ezimbini zokusasazwa kobushushu be-oven: ubushushu obude kunye nobushushu obunqamlezileyo. Imfuneko yobushushu obude igobile, oko kukuthi, ukusuka ezantsi ukuya phezulu, uze emva koko ukusuka phezulu ukuya ezantsi. Ubushushu obunqamlezileyo kufuneka bube buthe ngqo. Ukufana kobushushu obunqamlezileyo kuxhomekeke ekufudumaleni, ukugcinwa kobushushu kunye nokuhanjiswa kwegesi eshushu yezixhobo.
Inkqubo yokufakelwa kwe-enamel ifuna ukuba isithando sokufakelwa kwe-enamel sihlangabezane neemfuno
a) Ulawulo oluchanekileyo lobushushu, ± 5 ℃
b) Ijika lobushushu besithando linokulungiswa, kwaye ubushushu obuphezulu bendawo yokuphilisa bunokufikelela kwi-550 ℃
c) Umahluko wobushushu obunqamlezileyo akufuneki udlule kwi-5 ℃.
Kukho iintlobo ezintathu zobushushu kwi-oven: ubushushu bomthombo wobushushu, ubushushu bomoya kunye nobushushu bomqhubi. Ngokwesiko, ubushushu besithando bulinganiswa yi-thermocouple ebekwe emoyeni, kwaye ubushushu buhlala busondele kubushushu begesi kwisithando. Umthombo we-T > i-t-gas > i-T-paint > i-t-wire (i-T-paint bubushushu botshintsho lomzimba kunye nolwekhemikhali kwipeyinti kwi-oven). Ngokubanzi, i-T-paint ingaphantsi kwe-100 ℃ kune-t-gas.
I-oven yahlulwe yaba yindawo yokufuma kunye nendawo yokuqina ngokwexesha elide. Indawo yokufuma ilawulwa yi-evaporation solvent, kwaye indawo yokufunxa ilawulwa yi-curing film.
2. Ukufuma komphunga
Emva kokuba ipeyinti yokukhusela isetyenziswa kumqhubi, isinyibilikisi kunye ne-diluent ziyaphuma xa kubhakwa. Kukho iintlobo ezimbini zolwelo ukuya kwigesi: ukufuma kunye nokubila. Iimolekyuli ezikumphezulu wolwelo ezingena emoyeni zibizwa ngokuba yi-evaporation, enokwenziwa nangaliphi na iqondo lobushushu. Zichaphazeleka bubushushu kunye noxinano, ubushushu obuphezulu kunye noxinano oluphantsi zinokukhawulezisa ukufuma. Xa uxinano lufikelela kwisixa esithile, ulwelo alusayi kuphinda luphume kwaye lugcwale. Iimolekyuli ezingaphakathi kolwelo zijika zibe yigesi ukuze zenze amaqamza kwaye zinyuke ziye kumphezulu wolwelo. Amaqamza ayaqhuma aze akhuphe umphunga. Imeko yokuba iimolekyuli ezingaphakathi nakumphezulu wolwelo ziphuma umphunga ngaxeshanye ibizwa ngokuba yi-bolling.
Ifilimu yentambo ene-enamel iyadingeka ukuze igudise. Ukufuthwa kwe-solvent kufuneka kwenziwe ngendlela yokufuma. Ukubilisa akuvumelekanga kwaphela, kungenjalo amaqamza kunye namaqhekeza anoboya aya kuvela kumphezulu wentambo ene-enamel. Xa i-solvent iphuma kwipeyinti yolwelo, ipeyinti yokukhusela iyaqina ngakumbi, kwaye ixesha lokuba i-solvent engaphakathi kwepeyinti yolwelo ifudukele kumphezulu liba lide, ngakumbi kwi-wire ene-enamel etyebileyo. Ngenxa yobukhulu bepeyinti yolwelo, ixesha lokufuma kufuneka libe lide ukuze kuthintelwe ukufuma kwe-solvent yangaphakathi kwaye kufumaneke ifilimu egudileyo.
Ubushushu bendawo yokufuma buxhomekeke kwinqanaba lokubila kwesisombululo. Ukuba iqondo lokubila liphantsi, ubushushu bendawo yokufuma buya kuba phantsi. Nangona kunjalo, ubushushu bepeyinti kumphezulu wentambo budluliselwa ukusuka kubushushu besithando, kunye nokufunxwa kobushushu bokufuma kwesisombululo, ukufunxwa kobushushu bentambo, ngoko ke ubushushu bepeyinti kumphezulu wentambo buphantsi kakhulu kunobushushu besithando.
Nangona kukho inqanaba lokuphuma komoya xa kubhakwa ii-enamel ezicolekileyo, i-solvent iyaphuma ngexesha elifutshane kakhulu ngenxa yokwambatha okuncinci kwintambo, ngoko ke ubushushu kwindawo yokuphuma komoya bunokuba phezulu. Ukuba ifilimu ifuna ubushushu obuphantsi ngexesha lokucola, njengocingo olufakwe i-polyurethane enamel, ubushushu kwindawo yokuphuma komoya buphezulu kunobo bukwindawo yokuphola. Ukuba ubushushu bendawo yokuphuma komoya buphantsi, umphezulu wocingo olufakwe i-enamel uya kwenza iinwele ezinciphayo, ngamanye amaxesha ezifana ne-wavy okanye i-slubby, ngamanye amaxesha zibe zigobile. Oku kungenxa yokuba umaleko ofanayo wepeyinti wenziwa kwintambo emva kokuba ucingo lupeyintiwe. Ukuba ifilimu ayibhakwanga ngokukhawuleza, ipeyinti iyancipha ngenxa yoxinzelelo lomphezulu kunye ne-engile yokumanzisa yepeyinti. Xa ubushushu bendawo yokuphuma komoya buphantsi, ubushushu bepeyinti buphantsi, ixesha lokuphuma komoya le-solvent lide, ukuhamba kwepeyinti kwindawo yokuphuma komoya kuncinci, kwaye ukulevelishwa kuphantsi. Xa ubushushu bendawo yokufuma buphezulu, ubushushu bepeyinti buphezulu, kwaye ixesha lokufuma kwe-solvent lide. Ixesha lokufuma lifutshane, intshukumo yepeyinti yolwelo kwi-solvent evaporation inkulu, i-leveling ilungile, kwaye umphezulu we-enamel wire uthambile.
Ukuba ubushushu kwindawo yokufuma buphezulu kakhulu, isinyibilikisi esikwindawo engaphandle siya kuphuma ngokukhawuleza xa ucingo olugqunyiweyo lungena kwi-oven, oluya kwenza "ijeli" ngokukhawuleza, ngaloo ndlela luthintele ukufuduka kwangaphandle kwesinyibilikisi esingaphakathi. Ngenxa yoko, inani elikhulu lezinyibilikisi kwindawo engaphakathi liya kunyanzeleka ukuba liphume okanye libile emva kokungena kwindawo eshushu kakhulu kunye nocingo, oluya kutshabalalisa ukuqhubeka kwefilimu yokupenda yomphezulu kwaye lubangele imingxuma kunye namaqamza kwifilimu yokupenda kunye nezinye iingxaki zomgangatho.

3. ukunyanga
Intambo ingena kwindawo yokufunxa emva kokufuma. Eyona mpendulo iphambili kwindawo yokufunxa yimpendulo yekhemikhali yepeyinti, oko kukuthi, ukudibana kunye nokufunxa isiseko sepeyinti. Umzekelo, ipeyinti yepolyester luhlobo lwefilimu yepeyinti eyenza isakhiwo senethi ngokudibanisa i-ester yomthi ngesakhiwo esithe ngqo. Impendulo yokufunxa ibaluleke kakhulu, inxulumene ngokuthe ngqo nokusebenza komgca wokufunxa. Ukuba ukufunxa akwanelanga, kunokuchaphazela ukuguquguquka, ukumelana nesinyibilikisi, ukumelana nokukrwela kunye nokuqhekeka kokuthamba kwentambo yokufunxa. Ngamanye amaxesha, nangona yonke imisebenzi yayilungile ngelo xesha, uzinzo lwefilimu lwaluphantsi, kwaye emva kwexesha lokugcina, idatha yokusebenza yehla, nokuba ayifanelekanga. Ukuba ukufunxa kuphezulu kakhulu, ifilimu iba buthathaka, ukuguquguquka kunye nokutshayiswa kobushushu kuya kuncipha. Uninzi lweentambo ezine-enamel zinokumiselwa ngumbala wefilimu yepeyinti, kodwa ngenxa yokuba umgca wokufunxa ubhakwa amaxesha amaninzi, ayiphelelanga ukugweba kuphela ngokubonakala. Xa ukufunxa kwangaphakathi kunganelanga kwaye ukufunxa kwangaphandle kwanele kakhulu, umbala womgca wokufunxa ulungile kakhulu, kodwa ipropathi yokuxobuka imbi kakhulu. Uvavanyo lokuguga kobushushu lunokukhokelela kwisingxobo sokugquma okanye ukuxobuka okukhulu. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, xa ukugquma kwangaphakathi kulungile kodwa ukugquma kwangaphandle kungonelanga, umbala womgca wokugquma nawo ulungile, kodwa ukumelana nokukrwela kuphantsi kakhulu.
Ngokwahlukileyo koko, xa ukucutshungulwa kwangaphakathi kulungile kodwa ukucutshungulwa kwangaphandle kungonelanga, umbala womgca wokugquma nawo ulungile, kodwa ukumelana nokukrwela kuphantsi kakhulu.
Intambo ingena kwindawo yokunyibilikisa emva kokufuma. Eyona mpendulo iphambili kwindawo yokunyibilikisa yimpendulo yekhemikhali yepeyinti, oko kukuthi, ukudibana kunye nokuqiniswa kwesiseko sepeyinti. Umzekelo, ipeyinti yepolyester luhlobo lwefilimu yepeyinti eyenza isakhiwo senethi ngokudibanisa i-ester yomthi kunye nesakhiwo esithe ngqo. Impendulo yokuqiniswa ibaluleke kakhulu, inxulumene ngokuthe ngqo nokusebenza komgca wokugquma. Ukuba ukuqiniswa akwanelanga, kunokuchaphazela ukuguquguquka, ukumelana nesinyibilikisi, ukumelana nokukrwela kunye nokuwohloka kokuthamba kwentambo yokugquma.
Ukuba ukucuba akwanelanga, kunokuchaphazela ukuguquguquka, ukumelana nesinyibilikisi, ukumelana nokukrwela kunye nokuwohloka kokuthamba kwentambo yokugquma. Ngamanye amaxesha, nangona yonke imisebenzi yayilungile ngelo xesha, uzinzo lwefilimu lwaluphantsi, kwaye emva kwexesha lokugcina, idatha yokusebenza yehla, nokuba ayifanelekanga. Ukuba ukucuba kuphezulu kakhulu, ifilimu iba buthathaka, ukuguquguquka kunye noxinzelelo lobushushu kuya kuncipha. Uninzi lweentambo ezine-enamel zinokumiselwa ngumbala wefilimu yepeyinti, kodwa ngenxa yokuba umgca wokugquma ubhakwa amaxesha amaninzi, akuwona uphelele ukugweba kuphela ngokubonakala. Xa ukucuba kwangaphakathi kungonelanga kwaye ukucuba kwangaphandle kungonelanga, umbala womgca wokugquma ulungile kakhulu, kodwa ipropathi yokugquma imbi kakhulu. Uvavanyo lokuguga kobushushu lunokukhokelela kwisingxobo sokugquma okanye ukugquma okukhulu. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, xa ukucuba kwangaphakathi kulungile kodwa ukucuba kwangaphandle kungonelanga, umbala womgca wokugquma nawo ulungile, kodwa ukumelana nokukrwela kumbi kakhulu. Kwimpendulo yokucuba, ubuninzi begesi yesinyibilikisi okanye ukufuma kwigesi kuchaphazela kakhulu ukwakheka kwefilimu, okwenza amandla efilimu yomgca wokugquma anciphe kwaye ukumelana nokukrwela kuchaphazeleke.
Uninzi lweengcingo ezine-enamel zinokumiselwa ngumbala wefilimu yepeyinti, kodwa ngenxa yokuba umgca wokugquma ubhakwa amaxesha amaninzi, akuwona uphelele ukugweba kuphela ngokubonakala kwawo. Xa ukugquma kwangaphakathi kungonelanga kwaye ukugquma kwangaphandle kungonelanga, umbala womgca wokugquma ulungile kakhulu, kodwa ipropathi yokugquma imbi kakhulu. Uvavanyo lokuguga kobushushu lunokukhokelela kwisingxobo sokugquma okanye ukugquma okukhulu. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, xa ukugquma kwangaphakathi kulungile kodwa ukugquma kwangaphandle kungonelanga, umbala womgca wokugquma nawo ulungile, kodwa ukuxhathisa kokukrwela kumbi kakhulu. Kwimpendulo yokugquma, uxinano lwegesi ye-solvent okanye ukufuma kwigesi kuchaphazela kakhulu ukwakheka kwefilimu, nto leyo eyenza amandla efilimu yomgca wokugquma anciphe kwaye ukuxhathisa kokukrwela kuyachaphazeleka.

4. Ukulahlwa kwenkunkuma
Ngexesha lenkqubo yokubhaka ucingo olune-enamel, umphunga we-solvent kunye nezinto eziqhekekileyo ze-molecular eziphantsi kufuneka zikhutshwe kwisithando somlilo ngexesha elifanelekileyo. Ubuninzi bomphunga we-solvent kunye nokufuma kwigesi kuya kuchaphazela ukufuma kunye nokubola kwenkqubo yokubhaka, kwaye izinto ze-molecular eziphantsi ziya kuchaphazela ukuguda kunye nokukhanya kwefilimu yepeyinti. Ukongeza, uxinzelelo lomphunga we-solvent lunxulumene nokhuseleko, ngoko ke ukukhutshwa kwenkunkuma kubaluleke kakhulu kumgangatho wemveliso, imveliso ekhuselekileyo kunye nokusetyenziswa kobushushu.
Ukuqwalasela umgangatho wemveliso kunye nokhuseleko lwemveliso, ubungakanani bokukhutshwa kwenkunkuma kufuneka bube bukhulu, kodwa ubushushu obuninzi kufuneka bususwe ngaxeshanye, ngoko ke ukukhutshwa kwenkunkuma kufanele kube kufanelekile. Ukukhutshwa kwenkunkuma yesithando somoya oshushu esibizwa ngokuba yi-catalytic combustion kuhlala kuyi-20 ~ 30% yobungakanani bomoya oshushu. Ubungakanani benkunkuma buxhomekeke kubungakanani besinyibilikisi esisetyenzisiweyo, umswakama womoya, kunye nobushushu be-oven. Malunga ne-40 ~ 50m3 yenkunkuma (eguqulwe yaba bubushushu begumbi) iya kukhutshwa xa kusetyenziswa isinyibilikisi esiyi-1kg. Ubungakanani benkunkuma bunokugwetywa kwimeko yobushushu besithando, ukumelana nokukrwela kwentambo ye-enamel kunye nokukhanya kwentambo ye-enamel. Ukuba ubushushu besithando buvaliwe ixesha elide, kodwa ixabiso lesibonakaliso sobushushu lisaphezulu kakhulu, kuthetha ukuba ubushushu obuveliswa kukutshiswa kwe-catalytic bulingana okanye bungaphezulu kunobushushu obusetyenziswa ekomiseni i-oven, kwaye ukomisa i-oven kuya kuba ngaphandle kolawulo kubushushu obuphezulu, ngoko ke ukukhutshwa kwenkunkuma kufuneka kunyuswe ngokufanelekileyo. Ukuba ubushushu besithando bufudunyezwa ixesha elide, kodwa uphawu lobushushu alukho phezulu, oko kuthetha ukuba ukusetyenziswa kobushushu kuninzi kakhulu, kwaye kusenokwenzeka ukuba ubungakanani benkunkuma ekhutshiweyo buninzi kakhulu. Emva kokuhlolwa, ubungakanani benkunkuma ekhutshiweyo kufuneka buncitshiswe ngokufanelekileyo. Xa ukumelana nokukrwela kwentambo ene-enamel kuphantsi, kusenokwenzeka ukuba umswakama wegesi esithandweni uphezulu kakhulu, ngakumbi kwimozulu emanzi ehlotyeni, umswakama emoyeni uphezulu kakhulu, kwaye umswakama oveliswa emva kokutsha kwe-catalytic yomphunga we-solvent wenza umswakama wegesi esithandweni ube phezulu. Ngeli xesha, ukukhutshwa kwenkunkuma kufuneka kwandiswe. Iqondo lomthunzi wegesi esithandweni alikho ngaphezulu kwama-25 ℃. Ukuba ukukhanya kwentambo ene-enamel kuphantsi kwaye akukhanyi, kusenokwenzeka nokuba ubungakanani benkunkuma ekhutshiweyo buncinci, kuba izinto eziqhekekileyo ezisezantsi zemolekyuli azikhutshelwanga kwaye zinamathele kumphezulu wefilimu yepeyinti, okwenza ifilimu yepeyinti ingcole.
Ukutshaya yinto embi eqhelekileyo kwi-oven enamelling furnace. Ngokwethiyori yokungenisa umoya, igesi ihlala iphuma kwindawo enoxinzelelo oluphezulu ukuya kwindawo enoxinzelelo oluphantsi. Emva kokuba igesi ekwi-oven ishushu, ivolumu iyanda ngokukhawuleza kwaye uxinzelelo lunyuka. Xa uxinzelelo oluhle luvela kwi-oven, umlomo we-oven uya kutshaya. Ivolumu yokukhupha umoya inganyuswa okanye ivolumu yokuhambisa umoya ingancitshiswa ukuze kubuyiselwe indawo yoxinzelelo olubi. Ukuba kuphela isiphelo somlomo we-oven siyatshaya, kungenxa yokuba ivolumu yokuhambisa umoya kweli cala likhulu kakhulu kwaye uxinzelelo lomoya lwasekuhlaleni luphezulu kunoxinzelelo lomoya, ngoko ke umoya owongezelelweyo awukwazi ukungena kwi-oven usuka emlonyeni we-oven, ukunciphisa ivolumu yokuhambisa umoya kwaye wenze uxinzelelo oluhle lwasekuhlaleni lunyamalale.

ukupholisa
Ubushushu bocingo olufakwe i-enamel oluvela kwi-oven buphezulu kakhulu, ifilimu ithambile kakhulu kwaye amandla ayo mancinci kakhulu. Ukuba ayipholiswanga ngexesha, ifilimu iya konakala emva kwevili lesikhokelo, nto leyo echaphazela umgangatho wocingo olufakwe i-enamel. Xa isantya somgca sicotha, logama nje kukho ubude obuthile becandelo lokupholisa, ucingo olufakwe i-enamel lunokupholiswa ngokwendalo. Xa isantya somgca sikhawuleza, ukupholisa ngokwendalo akunakuhlangabezana neemfuno, ngoko ke kufuneka kunyanzeleke ukuba kuphole, kungenjalo isantya somgca asinakuphuculwa.
Ukupholisa umoya ngokunyanzeliswa kusetyenziswa kakhulu. Kusetyenziswa isixhobo sokufutha umoya ukupholisa umgca odlula kwipayipi yomoya kunye nefriji. Qaphela ukuba umthombo womoya kufuneka usetyenziswe emva kokucoca, ukuze kuthintelwe ukuvuthela ukungcola kunye nothuli kumphezulu wentambo ene-enamel kunye nokunamathela kwifilimu yepeyinti, nto leyo ebangela iingxaki kumphezulu.
Nangona isiphumo sokupholisa amanzi silungile kakhulu, siya kuchaphazela umgangatho wentambo ene-enamel, senze ifilimu ibe namanzi, sinciphise ukumelana nokukrwela kunye nokumelana nesinyibilikisi sefilimu, ngoko ke ayifanelekanga ukuyisebenzisa.
ukuthambisa
Ukuthambisa ucingo olune-enamel kunempembelelo enkulu ekuqineni kokuthambeka. I-lubricant esetyenziselwa ucingo olune-enamel iya kukwazi ukwenza umphezulu wocingo olune-enamel ube mtyibilizi, ngaphandle kokwenzakalisa ucingo, ngaphandle kokuchaphazela amandla e-take-up reel kunye nokusetyenziswa komsebenzisi. Ubungakanani obufanelekileyo beoyile ukuze ifikelele kwi-hand value wire e-enamel, kodwa izandla aziboni ioyile ebonakalayo. Ngokwezibalo, i-1m2 yocingo olune-enamel inokugqunywa nge-1g yeoyile yokuthambisa.
Iindlela zokuthambisa eziqhelekileyo ziquka: ukuthambisa nge-felt oiling, ukuthambisa nge-cowdeep oiling kunye nokuthambisa nge-roller oiling. Kwimveliso, iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokuthambisa kunye nee-lubricants ezahlukeneyo ziyakhethwa ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezahlukeneyo ze-enamel wire kwinkqubo yokujija.

Yise phezulu
Injongo yokwamkela nokulungisa ucingo kukusonga ucingo olune-enamel rhoqo, ngokuqinileyo nangokulinganayo kwi-spool. Kufuneka ukuba indlela yokwamkela iqhutywe kakuhle, ngengxolo encinci, uxinzelelo olufanelekileyo kunye nokulungiswa rhoqo. Kwiingxaki zomgangatho wentambo e-enamel, umlinganiselo wokubuya ngenxa yokwamkelwa nokulungiswa kakubi kwentambo mkhulu kakhulu, ubonakala kakhulu kuxinzelelo olukhulu lomgca wokwamkela, ububanzi bentambo butsalwa okanye idiski yentambo iqhuma; uxinzelelo lomgca wokwamkela mncinci, umgca okhululekileyo kwikhoyili ubangela ukuphazamiseka komgca, kwaye ukulungelelaniswa okungalinganiyo kubangela ukuphazamiseka komgca. Nangona uninzi lwezi ngxaki lubangelwa kukungasebenzi kakuhle, amanyathelo afunekayo nawo ayafuneka ukuze kube lula kubaqhubi abasebenzayo.
Uxinzelelo lomgca ofumanayo lubaluleke kakhulu, olulawulwa kakhulu sisandla somqhubi. Ngokwale mava, ezinye iinkcukacha zibonelelwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: umgca orhabaxa omalunga ne-1.0mm umalunga ne-10% yoxinzelelo olungelulolwandiso, umgca ophakathi umalunga ne-15% yoxinzelelo olungelulolwandiso, umgca omncinci umalunga ne-20% yoxinzelelo olungelulolwandiso, kwaye umgca omncinci umalunga ne-25% yoxinzelelo olungelulolwandiso.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukumisela umlinganiselo wesantya somgca kunye nesantya sokufumana ngokufanelekileyo. Umgama omncinci phakathi kwemigca yolungiselelo lomgca uya kubangela ngokulula umgca ongalinganiyo kwikhoyili. Umgama womgca mncinane kakhulu. Xa umgca uvaliwe, imigca engasemva icinezelwa ngaphambili izangqa ezininzi zemigca, ifikelela kubude obuthile kwaye iwa ngequbuliso, ukuze isangqa esingasemva semigca sicinezelwe phantsi kwesangqa sangaphambili semigca. Xa umsebenzisi esisebenzisa, umgca uya kwaphuka kwaye ukusetyenziswa kuya kuchaphazeleka. Umgama womgca mkhulu kakhulu, umgca wokuqala kunye nomgca wesibini ukwimo enqamlezileyo, umsantsa phakathi kwentambo enameled kwikhoyili mkhulu kakhulu, umthamo wetreyi yentambo uyancitshiswa, kwaye ukubonakala komgca wokugquma awulungelelananga. Ngokubanzi, kwitreyi yentambo enomongo omncinci, umgama ophakathi phakathi kwemigca kufuneka ube kathathu kunobubanzi bomgca; kwidiski yentambo enobubanzi obukhulu, umgama phakathi kwamaziko phakathi kwemigca kufuneka ube kathathu ukuya kahlanu kunobubanzi bomgca. Ixabiso lesalathiso somlinganiselo wesantya somgca yi-1:1.7-2.
Ifomula yobugcisa t= π (r+r) × l/2v × D × 1000
Ixesha lokuhamba ngendlela enye elinomgca ongu-T (umzuzu) r – ububanzi bepleyiti esecaleni yespool (mm)
Ububanzi be-R yebharele yespool (mm) l – umgama wokuvula kwespool (mm)
Isantya sentambo engu-V (m/min) d – ububanzi bangaphandle bentambo ene-enamel (mm)

7, indlela yokusebenza
Nangona umgangatho wentambo efakwe enamel uxhomekeke kakhulu kumgangatho wezinto eziluhlaza ezifana nepeyinti kunye nentambo kunye nemeko efanelekileyo yoomatshini nezixhobo, ukuba asijongani nzulu nothotho lweengxaki ezinje ngokubhaka, ukutshisa, isantya kunye nolwalamano lwazo ekusebenzeni, asiyiqondi kakuhle iteknoloji yokusebenza, asenzi umsebenzi olungileyo kumsebenzi wokutyelela kunye nokulungiselela indawo yokupaka, asenzi umsebenzi olungileyo kucoceko lwenkqubo, nokuba abathengi abanelisekanga Nokuba imeko injani na, asinakukwazi ukuvelisa intambo efakwe enamel yomgangatho ophezulu. Ke ngoko, into ebalulekileyo yokwenza umsebenzi olungileyo wentambo efakwe enamel kukuziva unoxanduva.
1. Ngaphambi kokuba kuqaliswe umatshini wokujikeleza umoya oshushu we-enameling we-catalytic combustion, ifeni kufuneka ivulwe ukuze umoya osesithandweni ujikeleze kancinci. Fudumeza isithando somlilo kunye nendawo yokupholisa umoya ngobushushu bombane ukuze ubushushu bendawo yokupholisa umoya bufikelele kubushushu obuchaziweyo be-catalytic ignition.
2. "Uvavanyo oluthathu" kunye "novavanyo oluthathu" ekusebenzeni kwemveliso.
1) Linganisa ifilimu yokupenda rhoqo kanye ngeyure, uze ulinganise indawo yekhadi le-micrometer ngaphambi kokulinganisa. Xa ulinganisa umgca, ikhadi le-micrometer kunye nomgca kufuneka zigcine isantya esifanayo, kwaye umgca omkhulu kufuneka ulinganiswe ngeendlela ezimbini ezithe nkqo.
2) Jonga rhoqo indlela olucwangciswe ngayo ucingo, jonga rhoqo indlela olucwangciswe ngayo ucingo oluya phambili noluya phambili kunye nokuqina kwalo, kwaye ulusebenzise ngexesha elifanelekileyo. Jonga ukuba ioyile yokuthambisa ifanelekile na.
3) Jonga umphezulu rhoqo, jonga rhoqo ukuba ucingo olune-enamel lunee-grain, ukuxobuka kunye nezinye izinto ezimbi kwinkqubo yokugquma, fumana izizathu, kwaye ulungise ngoko nangoko. Kwiimveliso ezineziphene emotweni, susa i-axle ngexesha elifanelekileyo.
4) Jonga indlela esebenza ngayo, jonga ukuba iindawo ezisebenzayo ziqhelekile na, qwalasela ukuqina kweshaft yokucima umlilo, kwaye uthintele intloko eqengqelekayo, ucingo oluphukileyo kunye nobubanzi bentambo ukuba bunganciphi.
5) Jonga ubushushu, isantya kunye nokuqina ngokweemfuno zenkqubo.
6) Jonga ukuba izinto eziluhlaza ziyahlangabezana na neemfuno zobugcisa kwinkqubo yemveliso.
3. Ekusebenzeni kwentambo ene-enamel, kufuneka kuqwalaselwe iingxaki zokuqhuma nomlilo. Imeko yomlilo yile ilandelayo:
Okokuqala kukuba lonke i-furnace litshiswe ngokupheleleyo, nto leyo edla ngokubangelwa kukuxinana komphunga okanye ubushushu obugqithisileyo be-furnace cross section; okwesibini kukuba iingcingo ezininzi ziyatsha ngenxa yobuninzi bokupenda ngexesha lokupeyinta. Ukuze kuthintelwe umlilo, ubushushu be-process furnace kufuneka bulawulwe ngokungqongqo kwaye umoya we-furnace ube mtyibilizi.
4. Ulungiselelo emva kokupaka
Umsebenzi wokugqiba emva kokupaka ubhekisa kakhulu ekucoceni iglu endala emlonyeni wesithando somlilo, ukucoca itanki yepeyinti kunye nevili lesikhokelo, kunye nokwenza umsebenzi olungileyo kucoceko lokusingqongileyo lwe-enameller kunye nokusingqongileyo okungqongileyo. Ukuze ugcine itanki yepeyinti icocekile, ukuba awuqhubi kwangoko, kufuneka ugqume itanki yepeyinti ngephepha ukuze uphephe ukungena kokungcola.

Umlinganiselo weenkcukacha
Ucingo olune-enamel luhlobo lwentambo. Ingcaciso yocingo olune-enamel ibonakaliswa bububanzi bocingo lobhedu olungenanto (iyunithi: mm). Ukulinganiswa kwengcaciso yocingo olune-enamel ngokwenene kukulinganiswa kobubanzi bocingo lobhedu olungenanto. Isetyenziswa ngokubanzi ekulinganiseni i-micrometer, kwaye ukuchaneka kwe-micrometer kunokufikelela kwi-0. Kukho indlela yokulinganisa ngokuthe ngqo kunye nendlela yokulinganisa ngokungathanga ngqo yenkcazo (ububanzi) yocingo olune-enamel.
Kukho indlela yokulinganisa ngokuthe ngqo kunye nendlela yokulinganisa ngokungathanga ngqo kwiinkcazo (ububanzi) zocingo olune-enamel.
Ucingo olune-enamel luhlobo lwentambo. Inkcazelo yocingo olune-enamel ibonakaliswa bububanzi bocingo lobhedu olungenanto (iyunithi: mm). Ukulinganiswa kwenkcazelo yocingo olune-enamel ngokwenene kukulinganiswa kobubanzi bocingo lobhedu olungenanto. Ngokuqhelekileyo isetyenziselwa ukulinganisa i-micrometer, kwaye ukuchaneka kwe-micrometer kunokufikelela kwi-0.
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Ucingo olune-enamel luhlobo lwentambo. Inkcazelo yocingo olune-enamel ibonakaliswa bububanzi bocingo lobhedu olungenanto (iyunithi: mm).
Ucingo olune-enamel luhlobo lwentambo. Inkcazelo yocingo olune-enamel ibonakaliswa bububanzi bocingo lobhedu olungenanto (iyunithi: mm). Ukulinganiswa kwenkcazelo yocingo olune-enamel ngokwenene kukulinganiswa kobubanzi bocingo lobhedu olungenanto. Ngokuqhelekileyo isetyenziselwa ukulinganisa i-micrometer, kwaye ukuchaneka kwe-micrometer kunokufikelela kwi-0.
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Ucingo olune-enamel luhlobo lwentambo. Inkcazelo yocingo olune-enamel ibonakaliswa bububanzi bocingo lobhedu olungenanto (iyunithi: mm). Ukulinganiswa kwenkcazelo yocingo olune-enamel ngokwenene kukulinganiswa kobubanzi bocingo lobhedu olungenanto. Isetyenziswa ngokubanzi ekulinganiseni i-micrometer, kwaye ukuchaneka kwe-micrometer kunokufikelela kwi-0.
Ukulinganiswa kweenkcukacha zentambo ene-enamel ngokwenene kukulinganiswa kobubanzi bentambo yobhedu engenanto. Isetyenziswa ngokubanzi ekulinganisweni kwe-micrometer, kwaye ukuchaneka kwe-micrometer kunokufikelela kwi-0.
Ukulinganiswa kweenkcukacha zentambo ene-enamel ngokwenene kukulinganiswa kobubanzi bentambo yobhedu engenanto. Isetyenziswa ngokubanzi ekulinganisweni kwe-micrometer, kwaye ukuchaneka kwe-micrometer kunokufikelela kwi-0.
Ucingo olune-enamel luhlobo lwentambo. Inkcazelo yocingo olune-enamel ibonakaliswa bububanzi bocingo lobhedu olungenanto (iyunithi: mm).
Ucingo olune-enamel luhlobo lwentambo. Inkcazelo yocingo olune-enamel ibonakaliswa bububanzi bocingo lobhedu olungenanto (iyunithi: mm). Ukulinganiswa kwenkcazelo yocingo olune-enamel ngokwenene kukulinganiswa kobubanzi bocingo lobhedu olungenanto. Ngokuqhelekileyo isetyenziselwa ukulinganisa i-micrometer, kwaye ukuchaneka kwe-micrometer kunokufikelela kwi-0.
Kukho indlela yokulinganisa ngokuthe ngqo kunye nendlela yokulinganisa ngokungathanga ngqo kwiinkcazo (ububanzi) zocingo olufakwe enamel.
Ukulinganiswa kweenkcukacha zentambo ene-enamel ngokwenene kukulinganiswa kobubanzi bentambo yobhedu engenanto. Ngokuqhelekileyo isetyenziselwa ukulinganisa i-micrometer, kwaye ukuchaneka kwe-micrometer kunokufikelela kwi-0. Kukho indlela yokulinganisa ngokuthe ngqo kunye nendlela yokulinganisa ngokungathanga ngqo yenkcazo (ububanzi) yentambo ene-enamel. Ukulinganisa ngokuthe ngqo Indlela yokulinganisa ngokuthe ngqo kukulinganisa ububanzi bentambo yobhedu engenanto ngqo. Intambo ene-enamel kufuneka itshiswe kuqala, kwaye kufuneka kusetyenziswe indlela yomlilo. Ububanzi bentambo ene-enamel esetyenziswa kwi-rotor ye-series excited motor yezixhobo zombane buncinci kakhulu, ngoko ke kufuneka itshiswe amaxesha amaninzi ngexesha elifutshane xa usebenzisa umlilo, kungenjalo inokutshatyalaliswa kwaye ichaphazele ukusebenza kakuhle.
Indlela yokulinganisa ngokuthe ngqo kukulinganisa ububanzi bocingo lobhedu olungenanto ngqo. Intambo ene-enamel kufuneka itshiswe kuqala, kwaye indlela yomlilo mayisetyenziswe.
Ucingo olune-enamel luhlobo lwentambo. Inkcazelo yocingo olune-enamel ibonakaliswa bububanzi bocingo lobhedu olungenanto (iyunithi: mm).
Intambo ene-enamel luhlobo lwentambo. Inkcazo yentambo ene-enamel ibonakaliswa bububanzi bentambo yobhedu engenanto (iyunithi: mm). Ukulinganiswa kwenkcazo yentambo ene-enamel ngokwenene kukulinganiswa kobubanzi bentambo yobhedu engenanto. Isetyenziswa ngokubanzi ekulinganiseni i-micrometer, kwaye ukuchaneka kwe-micrometer kunokufikelela kwi-0. Kukho indlela yokulinganisa ngokuthe ngqo kunye nendlela yokulinganisa ngokungathanga ngqo yenkcazo (ububanzi) yentambo ene-enamel. Ukulinganisa ngokuthe ngqo Indlela yokulinganisa ngokuthe ngqo kukulinganisa ububanzi bentambo yobhedu engenanto ngqo. Intambo ene-enamel kufuneka itshiswe kuqala, kwaye indlela yomlilo kufuneka isetyenziswe. Ububanzi bentambo ene-enamel esetyenziswa kwi-rotor ye-series excited motor yezixhobo zombane buncinci kakhulu, ngoko ke kufuneka itshiswe amaxesha amaninzi ngexesha elifutshane xa usebenzisa umlilo, kungenjalo inokutsha kwaye ichaphazele ukusebenza kakuhle. Emva kokutsha, coca ipeyinti etshisiweyo ngelaphu, uze ulinganise ububanzi bentambo yobhedu engenanto nge-micrometer. Ububanzi bentambo yobhedu engenanto yinkcazo yentambo ene-enamel. Isibane sotywala okanye ikhandlela zingasetyenziselwa ukutshisa intambo ene-enamel. Ukulinganisa okungathanga ngqo
Ukulinganisa ngokungathanga ngqo Indlela yokulinganisa ngokungathanga ngqo kukulinganisa ububanzi bangaphandle bocingo lobhedu olufakwe enamel (kuquka ulusu olufakwe enamel), uze emva koko ngokwedatha yobubanzi bangaphandle bocingo lobhedu olufakwe enamel (kuquka ulusu olufakwe enamel). Le ndlela ayisebenzisi umlilo ukutshisa ucingo olufakwe enamel, kwaye isebenza kakuhle kakhulu. Ukuba ungayazi imodeli ethile yocingo lobhedu olufakwe enamel, kuchaneke ngakumbi ukujonga iinkcukacha (ububanzi) bocingo olufakwe enamel. [amava] Nokuba yeyiphi na indlela esetyenzisiweyo, inani leengcambu ezahlukeneyo okanye iindawo kufuneka lilinganiswe kathathu ukuqinisekisa ukuchaneka kokulinganisa.