Umgangatho wemveliso
l. Ucingo olune-enameled
1.1 umgangatho wemveliso we-enameled yocingo olujikelezayo: umgangatho we-gb6109-90; zxd/j700-16-2001 umgangatho wolawulo lwangaphakathi loshishino
1.2 umgangatho wemveliso yocingo olunamelled olucaba: gb/t7095-1995 series
Umgangatho weendlela zovavanyo lwe-enamelled ngeenxa zonke kunye neengcingo ezisicaba: gb/t4074-1999
Umgca wokusonga wephepha
2.1 umgangatho imveliso iphepha ukusonga ucingo olungqukuva: gb7673.2-87
2.2 umgangatho imveliso iphepha esongelwe ucingo olucaba: gb7673.3-87
Umgangatho weendlela zovavanyo lwephepha elisongiweyo kunye neengcingo ezisicaba: gb/t4074-1995
umgangatho
umgangatho wemveliso: gb3952.2-89
Indlela esemgangathweni: gb4909-85, gb3043-83
Ucingo lobhedu olungenanto
4.1 umgangatho wemveliso yocingo olungenanto olujikelezileyo lobhedu: gb3953-89
4.2 umgangatho wemveliso yocingo olungenanto lobhedu: gb5584-85
Indlela yokuvavanya umgangatho: gb4909-85, gb3048-83
Ucingo lokuvala
Round ucingo gb6i08.2-85
Ucingo olucaba gb6iuo.3-85
Umgangatho ugxininisa ikakhulu uthotho lwenkcazo kunye nokutenxa komlinganiselo
Imigangatho yangaphandle imi ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
Umgangatho wemveliso yaseJapan sc3202-1988, umgangatho wendlela yovavanyo: jisc3003-1984
Umgangatho waseMelika wml000-1997
Ikomishoni yoMbane yeHlabathi yezoMbane mcc317
Ukusetyenziswa kophawu
1. I-acetal enamelled wire, kunye nebakala lokushisa kwe-105 kunye ne-120, inamandla omatshini, i-adhesion, ioli ye-transformer kunye ne-refrigerant resistance. Nangona kunjalo, imveliso inokumelana nokufuma okungalunganga, iqondo lobushushu eliphantsi lokuthambisa i-thermal, ukusebenza okubuthathaka kwe-benzene alcohol exutywe ne-solvent, njalo njalo. Kuphela isixa esincinci sayo sisetyenziselwa ukujija isiguquli seoyile esintywiliselweyo kunye nemoto ezaliswe yioyile.
Ucingo olune-enameled
Ucingo olune-enameled
2. izinga lokushisa lomgca we-polyester oqhelekileyo wokugquma we-polyester kunye ne-polyester eguquliweyo yi-130, kwaye inqanaba lobushushu lomgca wokugquma oguquliweyo ngu-155. Amandla omatshini wemveliso aphakamileyo, kwaye ane-elasticity enhle, i-adhesion, ukusebenza kombane kunye ukumelana ne-solvent. Ubuthathaka kukuxhathisa ubushushu kunye nokumelana nempembelelo kunye nokumelana nokufuma okuphantsi. Lolona didi lukhulu eTshayina, lubalelwa malunga nesibini kwisithathu, kwaye lusetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiimoto ezahlukeneyo, zombane, izixhobo, izixhobo zonxibelelwano kunye nezixhobo zasekhaya.
3. ucingo lokugquma i-polyurethane; ibakala lobushushu 130, 155, 180, 200. Iimpawu eziphambili zale mveliso zi-welding ngokuthe ngqo, ukuxhathisa amaza amaninzi, imibala elula kunye nokuxhathisa okulungileyo kokufuma. Isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwizixhobo zombane kunye nezixhobo ezichanekileyo, unxibelelwano kunye nezixhobo. Ubuthathaka bale mveliso kukuba amandla omatshini ahlupheke kancinane, ukuxhathisa ubushushu abukho phezulu, kwaye ukuguquguquka kunye nokubambelela kumgca wemveliso kubi. Ke ngoko, inkcazo yemveliso yale mveliso incinci kunye nemigca emincinci.
4. I-polyester imide / i-polyamide edibeneyo yokugubungela ucingo lwepeyinti, ibakala lobushushu le-180 imveliso inefuthe elihle lokumelana nobushushu, ukuthambisa okuphezulu kunye nobushushu bokuphuka, amandla abalaseleyo omatshini, ukuxhathisa okulungileyo kwe-solvent kunye nokusebenza kokumelana neqabaka. Ubuthathaka kukuba kulula ukwenza i-hydrolyze phantsi kweemeko ezivaliweyo kwaye isetyenziswe ngokubanzi kwi-winding efana nemoto, izixhobo zombane, isixhobo, isixhobo sombane, uhlobo olomileyo lwe-transformer yamandla njalo njalo.
5. I-polyester IMIM / i-polyamide imide i-composite yokugquma i-coating wire system isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kumgca wokugquma ubushushu basekhaya nangaphandle, ibakala layo lobushushu lingama-200, imveliso inokumelana nobushushu obuphezulu, kwaye ineempawu zokuxhathisa iqabaka, ukumelana nokubanda kunye nemitha. ukumelana, amandla omatshini aphezulu, ukusebenza kombane okuzinzileyo, ukuxhathisa okuhle kweekhemikhali kunye nokumelana nokubanda, kunye nomthamo owomeleleyo wokugcwala. Isetyenziswa kakhulu kwicompressor yefriji, icompressor yomoya, izixhobo zombane, iimoto ezinogqabhuko-dubulo kunye neenjini kunye nezixhobo zombane phantsi kobushushu obuphezulu, ubushushu obuphezulu, ubushushu obuphezulu, ukumelana nemitha, ukugcwala kunye nezinye iimeko.
uvavanyo
Emva kokuba imveliso yenziwe, ingaba ukubonakala kwayo, ubukhulu kunye nokusebenza kwayo kuhambelana nemigangatho yobugcisa bemveliso kunye neemfuno zesivumelwano sobugcisa somsebenzisi, kufuneka igwetywe ngokuhlola. Emva kokulinganisa kunye novavanyo, xa kuthelekiswa nemigangatho yobugcisa bemveliso okanye isivumelwano sobugcisa bomsebenzisi, abo bafanelekileyo bafanelekile, ngaphandle koko, abafanelekanga. Ngokuhlola, ukuzinza komgangatho womgca wokugquma kunye nengqiqo yetheknoloji yezinto eziphathekayo kunokubonakaliswa. Ngoko ke, ukuhlolwa komgangatho kunomsebenzi wokuhlola, ukuthintela kunye nokuchonga. Imixholo yokuhlola yomgca wokugquma ibandakanya: ukubonakala, ukuhlolwa komlinganiselo kunye nokulinganisa kunye nokuvavanya ukusebenza. Ukusebenza kubandakanya oomatshini, iikhemikhali, iipropati ze-thermal kunye nombane. Ngoku sichaza ubukhulu becala imbonakalo kunye nobukhulu.
umphezulu
(imbonakalo) iya kuba mpuluswa kwaye igudileyo, ibe nombala ofanayo, kungabikho particle, akukho oxidation, iinwele, umphezulu wangaphakathi nangaphandle, amabala amnyama, ukususwa kwepeyinti kunye nezinye iziphene ezichaphazela ukusebenza. Ulungelelwaniso lomgca luya kuba tyaba kwaye luqiniswe kwidiski ye-intanethi ngaphandle kokucinezela umgca kunye nokuhlehlisa ngokukhululekileyo. Kukho izinto ezininzi ezichaphazela umphezulu, ezihambelana nezinto eziluhlaza, izixhobo, iteknoloji, indawo engqongileyo kunye nezinye izinto.
ubukhulu
2.1 Imilinganiselo yocingo olungqukuva oluluqilima lubandakanya: imilinganiselo yangaphandle (idayamitha yangaphandle) d, idayytha yomqhubi D, ukutenxa kwikhondatha △ D, ukungqukuva F, ubukhulu befilimu yepeyinti t.
2.1.1 idayamitha yangaphandle ibhekisa kwidayamitha elinganiswe emva kokuba icondakta iqatywe ngefilim yepeyinti yokugquma.
2.1.2 Idayamitha yomqhubi ibhekisa kububanzi bocingo lwentsimbi emva kokuba umaleko wokugquma ususiwe.
2.1.3 ukutenxa kwi-conductor kubhekiselele kumahluko phakathi kwexabiso elilinganisiweyo le-conductor diameter kunye nexabiso legama.
2.1.4 ixabiso lokungangqubanisi (f) libhekiselele kuwona mahluko uphezulu phakathi kowona mahluko mkhulu phakathi kowona mlinganiselo mkhulu wokufunda kunye nowona mlinganiselo uphantsi wofundo olulinganisiweyo kwicandelo ngalinye lombhexeshi.
2.2 indlela yokulinganisa
2.2.1 isixhobo sokulinganisa: micrometer micrometer, ukuchaneka o.002mm
Xa ipeyinti isongelwe ucingo olujikelezileyo d <0.100mm, amandla yi-0.1-1.0n, kwaye amandla yi-1-8n xa i-D i-≥ 0.100mm; amandla epeyinti ecatyiswe umgca osicaba yi-4-8n.
2.2.2 i-diameter yangaphandle
2.2.2.1 (umgca wesangqa) xa i-diameter ye-nominal ye-conductor D ingaphantsi kwe-0.200mm, linganisa i-diameter yangaphandle kanye kwindawo ye-3 ye-1m kude, bhala amaxabiso omlinganiselo we-3, kwaye uthathe ixabiso eliphakathi njenge-diameter yangaphandle.
2.2.2.2 xa i-diameter ye-nominal ye-conductor D inkulu kune-0.200mm, i-diameter yangaphandle ilinganiswa ngamaxesha e-3 kwindawo nganye kwiindawo ezimbini ze-1m ngaphandle, kunye nemilinganiselo ye-6 yokulinganisa irekhodwa, kwaye ixabiso eliqhelekileyo lithathwa njenge-diameter yangaphandle.
2.2.2.3 umlinganiselo wongqameko olubanzi kunye nongqameko olumxinwa luya kulinganiswa kube kanye kwindawo eziyi-100mm3, kwaye ixabiso eliphakathi lamaxabiso alinganisiweyo amathathu liya kuthathwa njengedimensioni iyonke yongqameko olubanzi kunye nodini olumxinwa.
2.2.3 ubungakanani bomqhubi
2.2.3.1 (ucingo olujikelezayo) xa i-diameter ye-conductor D ingaphantsi kwe-0.200mm, i-insulation iya kususwa ngayo nayiphi na indlela ngaphandle komonakalo kwi-conductor kwiindawo ezi-3 1m ukusuka komnye nomnye. I-diameter ye-conductor iya kulinganiswa kanye: thatha ixabiso layo eliphakathi njenge-diameter ye-conductor.
2.2.3.2 xa i-diameter yesiqhelo ye-conductor D ingaphezulu kwe-o.200mm, susa isigqubuthelo ngayo nayiphi na indlela ngaphandle komonakalo kwi-conductor, kwaye ulinganise ngokwahlukileyo kwizikhundla ezithathu ngokulinganayo zisasazwe ecaleni kwesangqa somqhubi, kwaye uthathe ixabiso eliphakathi kwezithathu. amaxabiso omlinganiselo njengedayamitha yomqhubi.
2.2.2.3 (i-flat wire) i-10 mm3 ngaphandle, kwaye i-insulation iya kususwa nayiphi na indlela ngaphandle komonakalo kumqhubi. Idimension ye-edge ebanzi kunye ne-edge emxinwa iya kulinganiswa kanye ngokulandelelanayo, kwaye ixabiso eliphakathi lamaxabiso amathathu omlinganiselo liya kuthathwa njengobungakanani bomqhubi we-edge ebanzi kunye ne-edge emxinwa.
2.3 ukubala
2.3.1 ukutenxa = D kulinganiswe - D ngegama
2.3.2 f = Umahluko omkhulu kuwo nawuphi na ufundo lwedayamitha olulinganiswa kwicandelo ngalinye lomqhubi
2.3.3t = umlinganiselo weDD
Umzekelo 1: kukho ipleyiti qz-2/130 0.71omm yocingo enameled, kwaye ixabiso lomlinganiselo ngolu hlobo lulandelayo.
Ubukhulu obungaphandle: 0.780, 0.778, 0.781, 0.776, 0.779, 0.779; Ububanzi bomqhubi: 0.706, 0.709, 0.712. I-diameter yangaphandle, i-conductor diameter, ukutenxa, ixabiso lika-F, ubukhulu befilimu yepeyinti iyabalwa kwaye isiqinisekiso siyagwetywa.
Isisombululo: d= (0.780+0.778+0.781+0.776+0.779+0.779) /6=0.779mm, d= (0.706+0.709+0.712) /3=0.709mm, ukutenxa = D umlinganiselo wegama-0.1 = 0.7 = 0.1 mm, f = 0.712-0.706=0.006, t = DD ixabiso elilinganisiweyo = 0.779-0.709=0.070mm
Umlinganiselo ubonisa ukuba ubungakanani bomgca wokugquma buhlangabezana neemfuno eziqhelekileyo.
2.3.4 umgca osicaba: ifilimu yepeyinti ejiyileyo 0.11 < & ≤ 0.16mm, ifilimu yepeyinti eqhelekileyo 0.06 ＜ & <0.11mm
I-Amax = a + △ + &max, Bmax = b+ △ + &max, xa i-diameter engaphandle ye-AB ingekho ngaphezu kwe-Amax ne-Bmax, ubukhulu befilimu buvumelekile ukuba bugqithe kwi-&max, ukutenxa komlinganiselo a (b) a (b) ) ＜ 3.155 ± 0.030, 3.155 < a (b) ＜ 6.30 ± 0.050, 6.30 < B ≤ 12.50 ± 0.07, 12.50 < B ≤ 16.10 ± 0.00 .
Ngokomzekelo, i-2: umgca weflethi okhoyo qzyb-2/180 2.36 × 6.30mm, imilinganiselo elinganisiweyo: 2.478, 2.471, 2.469; a:2.341, 2.340, 2.340; b:6.450, 6.448, 6.448; b:6.260, 6.258, 6.259. Ubunzima, ububanzi bangaphandle kunye nomqhubi wefilimu yepeyinti ibalwa kwaye isiqinisekiso sigwetywa.
Isisombululo: a= (2.478+2.471+2.469) /3=2.473; b= (6.450+6.448+6.448) /3=6.449;
a=(2.341+2.340+2.340)/3=2.340；b=(6.260+6.258+6.259)/3=6.259
Ubukhulu befilimu: 2.473-2.340=0.133mm kwicala A kunye ne-6.499-6.259=0.190mm kwicala B.
Isizathu sobungakanani bomqhubi ongafanelanga kubangelwa ubukhulu becala ngenxa yoxinzelelo lokumisa ngexesha lokupeyinta, ukulungiswa okungafanelekanga kokuqina kweekliphu eziveziweyo kwindawo nganye, okanye ukujikeleza okungenakuguquguquka kokubeka kunye nevili elikhokelayo, kunye nokuzoba intambo yocingo ngaphandle kokufihlakala. iziphene okanye iinkcukacha ezingalinganiyo ze-semi-finished conductor.
Isizathu esona sizathu sobukhulu obungasifanelanga be-insulation yefilimu yepeyinti kukuba ukuvalelwa akulungiswanga kakuhle, okanye i-mold ayifakwanga kakuhle kwaye i-mold ayifakwanga ngokufanelekileyo. Ukongeza, utshintsho lwesantya senkqubo, i-viscosity yepeyinti, umxholo oqinileyo kunye nokunye kuya kuchaphazela ubukhulu befilimu yepeyinti.

ukusebenza
3.1 iipropathi zoomatshini: kubandakanya ubude, i-engeli ye-rebound, ukuthamba kunye nokunamathela, ukukrazula kwepeyinti, amandla okuqina, njl.
3.1.1 Ukwandiswa kubonisa iplastiki yezinto eziphathekayo, ezisetyenziselwa ukuvavanya ukudubeka kocingo olunamelene.
3.1.2 I-angle ye-springback kunye nokuthamba kubonisa ukuguqulwa kwe-elastic yezixhobo, ezinokuthi zisetyenziswe ukuvavanya ukuthamba kocingo olunamele.
Ubude, i-engile ye-springback kunye nokuthamba kubonakalisa umgangatho wobhedu kunye neqondo le-annealing locingo olunamele. Imiba ephambili echaphazela ukunwetshwa kunye ne-springback angle yocingo olunameleli (1) umgangatho wocingo; (2) amandla angaphandle; (3) isidanga sokufunda.
3.1.3 Ukuqina kwefilim yepeyinti kubandakanya ukujikajika kunye nokwelula, oko kukuthi, ukuguqulwa okuvumelekileyo kolusuko lwefilim yepeyinti engaqhawukiyo ngokuzolula kwe-condactor.
3.1.4 ukuncamatheliswa kwefilimu yepeyinti kubandakanya ukuqhawuka nokuxobuka ngokukhawuleza. Ukukwazi ukunamathela kwifilimu yepeyinti kumqhubi uvandlakanywa kakhulu.
3.1.5 Uvavanyo lokumelana nomkrwelo wefilimu yepeyinti yocingo olunameleli lubonisa ukomelela kwefilimu yepeyinti ngokuchasene nokukrweleka koomatshini.
3.2 ukuxhathisa ubushushu: kubandakanywa ukothuka kwe-thermal kunye novavanyo lokunciphisa ukuthamba.
3.2.1 ukutshitshiswa kwe-thermal yocingo lwe-enameled lunyamezelo lwe-thermal yefilimu yokugquma yocingo lwe-enameled eninzi phantsi kwesenzo soxinzelelo lomatshini.
Izinto ezichaphazela ukutshatyalaliswa kwe-thermal: ipeyinti, ucingo lobhedu kunye nenkqubo ye-enamelling.
3.2.3 ukusebenza kokuthambisa kunye nokuqhekeka kocingo olunamelene ngumlinganiselo wokukwazi kwefilimu yepeyinti yocingo olunameled ukumelana nokuguqulwa kwe-thermal phantsi kwamandla omatshini, oko kukuthi, ukukwazi kwefilimu yepeyinti phantsi koxinzelelo lweplastiki kunye nokuthambisa kwiqondo lokushisa eliphezulu. . I-thermal softening and breakdown performance yefilimu yocingo ene-enameled ixhomekeke kwisakhiwo se-molecular yefilimu kunye namandla phakathi kwamakhonkco e-molecular.
3.3 iipropati zombane ziquka: i-voltage yokudiliza, ukuqhubeka kwefilimu kunye novavanyo lokumelana ne-DC.
3.3.1 amandla ombane wokuqhekeka kubhekiselele kumthamo wombane womthamo wefilim yocingo eyenziwe nge-enameled. Izinto eziphambili ezichaphazela amandla ombane wokuqhekeka zezi: (1) ubukhulu befilimu; (2) ukujikeleza kwefilimu; (3) iqondo lokunyanga; (4) ukungcola okukwifilimu.
3.3.2 uvavanyo lokuqhubeka kwefilimu lukwabizwa ngokuba luvavanyo lwe-pinhole. Ezona zinto ziphembelelayo zezi: (1) imathiriyeli ekrwada; (2) inkqubo yokusebenza; (3) izixhobo.
3.3.3 Ukuxhathisa kwe-DC kubhekiselele kwixabiso lokumelana elilinganiswe kubude beyunithi. Ichatshazelwa ikakhulu yile: (1) isidanga sokugqiba; (2) izixhobo ezenziwe nge-enameled.
I-3.4 ukumelana neekhemikhali kubandakanya ukuxhathisa kwe-solvent kunye ne-welding ngqo.
3.4.1 ukuchasana kwe-solvent: ngokuqhelekileyo, ucingo lwe-enameled kufuneka luhambe kwinkqubo yokukhulelwa emva kokujija. I-solvent kwi-varnish yokufaka i-pregnancy ine-degrees ezahlukeneyo zokuvuvukala kwifilimu yepeyinti, ngakumbi kwiqondo lokushisa eliphezulu. Ukuchaswa kweekhemikhali zefilimu ye-enameled yocingo kunqunywe ngokukodwa kwiimpawu zefilimu ngokwayo. Ngaphantsi kweemeko ezithile zepeyinti, inkqubo ye-enameled nayo inefuthe elithile ekuchaseni i-solvent yocingo lwe-enameled.
3.4.2 ukusebenza ngokuthe ngqo kwe-welding yocingo olwenziwe nge-enameled lubonisa amandla e-solder yocingo olunameleneyo kwinkqubo yokujija ngaphandle kokususa ifilimu yepeyinti. Izinto eziphambili ezichaphazela i-solderability ngokuthe ngqo: (1) impembelelo yeteknoloji, (2) impembelelo yepeyinti.

ukusebenza
3.1 iipropathi zoomatshini: kubandakanya ubude, i-engeli ye-rebound, ukuthamba kunye nokunamathela, ukukrazula kwepeyinti, amandla okuqina, njl.
3.1.1 Ukwandiswa kubonakalisa iplastiki yezinto kwaye isetyenziselwa ukuvavanya ukudubeka kocingo olunamelene.
3.1.2 I-angle ye-springback kunye nokuthamba kubonisa ukuguqulwa kwe-elastic yezinto kwaye ingasetyenziselwa ukuvavanya ukuthamba kocingo olunamele.
Ubude obude, i-engile ye-springback kunye nokuthamba kubonakalisa umgangatho wobhedu kunye neqondo le-annealing locingo olunamelene. Imiba ephambili echaphazela ukunwetshwa kunye ne-springback angle yocingo olunameleli (1) umgangatho wocingo; (2) amandla angaphandle; (3) isidanga sokufunda.
3.1.3 Ukuqina kwefilim yepeyinti kubandakanya ukujikajika kunye nokwelula, oko kukuthi, i-tensile deformation evumelekileyo yefilim yepeyinti ayiqhawuki kunye ne-tensile deformation ye-conductors.
3.1.4 Ukunamathela kwefilimu kubandakanya ukuphuka ngokukhawuleza kunye nokusabalalisa. Ukukwazi ukunamathela kwifilimu yepeyinti kumqhubi wavavanywa.
3.1.5 Uvavanyo lokumelana nomkrwelo wefilim yocingo olunameleli lubonisa ukomelela kwefilimu ngokuchasene nokukrweleka koomatshini.
3.2 ukuxhathisa ubushushu: kubandakanywa ukothuka kwe-thermal kunye novavanyo lokunciphisa ukuthamba.
3.2.1 ukutshatyalaliswa kwe-thermal yocingo olunameleli lubhekiselele ekuxhathiseni ubushushu befilimu yokugquma yocingo olunamelene oluninzi phantsi koxinzelelo lomatshini.
Izinto ezichaphazela ukutshatyalaliswa kwe-thermal: ipeyinti, ucingo lobhedu kunye nenkqubo ye-enamelling.
3.2.3 ukuthambisa kunye nokusebenza kokuqhekeka kocingo olunamelene ngumlinganiselo wokukwazi kwefilimu yocingo ene-enameled ukumelana nokuguqulwa kwe-thermal phantsi kwesenzo samandla omatshini, oko kukuthi, ukukwazi kwefilimu ukwenza iplastiki kunye nokuthamba phantsi kobushushu obuphezulu phantsi kobushushu obuphezulu. isenzo soxinzelelo. I-thermal softening and breaking properties yefilimu yocingo ene-enameled ixhomekeke kwisakhiwo se-molecular kunye namandla phakathi kwamakhonkco e-molecular.
I-3.3 yokusebenza kombane ibandakanya: i-voltage yokuqhekeka, ukuqhubeka kwefilimu kunye novavanyo lokumelana ne-DC.
3.3.1 amandla ombane wokuqhekeka kubhekiselele kumthamo wombane wokulayisha wefilim yocingo ene-enameled. Izinto eziphambili ezichaphazela amandla ombane wokuqhekeka zezi: (1) ubukhulu befilimu; (2) ukujikeleza kwefilimu; (3) iqondo lokunyanga; (4) ukungcola okukwifilimu.
3.3.2 uvavanyo lokuqhubeka kwefilimu lukwabizwa ngokuba luvavanyo lwe-pinhole. Ezona zinto ziphembelelayo zezi: (1) imathiriyeli ekrwada; (2) inkqubo yokusebenza; (3) izixhobo.
3.3.3 Ukuxhathisa kwe-DC kubhekiselele kwixabiso lokumelana elilinganiswe kubude beyunithi. Ichatshazelwa ikakhulu zezi zinto zilandelayo: (1) iqondo lokuvala; (2) izixhobo ze-enamel.
I-3.4 ukumelana neekhemikhali kubandakanya ukuxhathisa kwe-solvent kunye ne-welding ngqo.
3.4.1 ukuchasana kwe-solvent: ngokuqhelekileyo, ucingo lwe-enameled kufuneka lufakwe emva kokujija. I-solvent kwi-varnish yokukhulelwa inefuthe elihlukeneyo lokuvuvukala kwifilimu, ngakumbi kwiqondo lokushisa eliphezulu. Ukuchaswa kweekhemikhali zefilimu ye-enameled yocingo kunqunywe ngokukodwa kwiimpawu zefilimu ngokwayo. Ngaphantsi kweemeko ezithile zokugquma, inkqubo yokugubungela nayo inefuthe elithile ekuchaseni i-solvent yocingo lwe-enameled.
3.4.2 ukusebenza ngokuthe ngqo kwe-welding yocingo olunamelene kubonisa ukukwazi ukuwelda kocingo olwenziwe nge-enameled kwinkqubo yokujija ngaphandle kokususa ifilimu yepeyinti. Izinto eziphambili ezichaphazela ukuthengiswa ngokuthe ngqo zezi: (1) impembelelo yethekhinoloji, (2) impembelelo yokwaleka.

inkqubo yezobuchwepheshe
Hlawula → ukuthambisa → ukupeyinta → ukubhaka → ukupholisa → ukuthambisa → thatha
Ukumisela ngaphandle
Kumsebenzi oqhelekileyo we-enameller, uninzi lwamandla omqhubi kunye namandla omzimba asetyenziswa kwinxalenye yokuhlawula. Ukutshintsha i-reel yokuhlawula kwenza ukuba umqhubi ahlawule umsebenzi omningi, kwaye i-joint kulula ukuvelisa iingxaki ezisemgangathweni kunye nokusilela komsebenzi. Indlela esebenzayo kukumisela umthamo omkhulu.
Isitshixo sokuhlawula kukulawula ukuxinezeleka. Xa uxinzelelo luphezulu, aluyi kwenza kuphela umqhubi omncinci, kodwa luchaphazela iimpawu ezininzi zocingo olunamele. Ukusuka kwimbonakalo, ucingo oluncinci lune-gloss embi; ukusuka kwindawo yokujonga ukusebenza, ukunyuswa, ukomelela, ukuguquguquka kunye nokutshatyalaliswa kwe-thermal yocingo lwe-enameled kuyachaphazeleka. Ukunyanzeliswa komgca wokuhlawula kuncinci kakhulu, umgca kulula ukutsiba, obangela ukuba umgca wokudweba kunye nomgca wokuchukumisa umlomo wesithando somlilo. Xa ubeka phandle, olona loyiko kukuba isiqingatha sesangqa sesangqa sikhulu kwaye isiqingatha sesangqa sesangqa sincinci. Oku akuyi kwenza ukuba ucingo lukhululeke kwaye luphulwe, kodwa lubangele ukubethelwa okukhulu kocingo kwi-oven, okubangelwa ukungaphumeleli kokudibanisa kunye nokuthintela. Intlawulo yoxinzelelo kufuneka ilingane kwaye ifanele.
Kunceda kakhulu ukufakela ivili lamandla elibekwe phambi kwesithando somlilo ukuze ulawule uxinezeleko. Olona xinzelelo luphezulu lwe-non elongation yocingo lobhedu oluguquguqukayo lumalunga ne-15kg / mm2 kwiqondo lobushushu begumbi, 7kg / mm2 ku-400 ℃, 4kg / mm2 ku-460 ℃ kunye ne-2kg / mm2 ku-500 ℃. Kwinkqubo yesiqhelo yokwambathisa yocingo olunameleli, ukutsaleka kocingo olunameleli kufuneka lube ngaphantsi kakhulu kunolwalulo olungelulo, ekufuneka ilawulwe malunga ne-50%, kwaye ukucinezeleka kokubekwa kufuneka kulawulwe malunga ne-20% yoxinzelelo olungandisiyo. .
Isixhobo sokuhlawula uhlobo lokujikeleza kweRadial sisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kubungakanani obukhulu kunye nespool enkulu yomthamo; phezu kodidi lwesiphelo okanye uhlobo lwebrashi yokuhlawula isixhobo siqhele ukusetyenziselwa umqhubi wobungakanani obuphakathi; uhlobo lwebrashi okanye uhlobo lwekhowuni ephindwe kabini uhlobo lokuhlawula isixhobo siqhele ukusetyenziselwa umqhubi wesayizi omncinci.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuba yeyiphi indlela yokuhlawula eyamkelweyo, kukho iimfuno ezingqongqo zesakhiwo kunye nomgangatho we-reel yocingo lobhedu olungenanto.
—-Umphezulu kufuneka ube mpuluswa ukuqinisekisa ukuba ucingo alukrwelwa
Kukho i-2-4mm ii-engile zeradius r kumacala omabini ondoqo we-shaft nangaphakathi nangaphandle kwepleyiti esecaleni, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusetwa okulinganayo kwinkqubo yokumisela.
--Emva kokuba i-spool iqhutywe, iimvavanyo ze-static kunye ne-dynamic balance kufuneka zenziwe
--I-diameter ye-core shaft ye-brush yokuhlawula isixhobo: ububanzi beplate yecala bungaphantsi kwe-1: 1.7; ububanzi besixhobo se-over end pay off singaphantsi kwe-1: 1.9, ngaphandle koko ucingo luya kuphulwa xa uhlawula kwi-core shaft.

ukuhlamba
Injongo ye-annealing kukwenza umqhubi abe lukhuni ngenxa yokutshintsha kwe-lattice kwinkqubo yokuzoba ye-die eshushu kwiqondo lokushisa elithile, ukwenzela ukuba ukuthamba okufunwa yinkqubo kunokubuyiselwa emva kokuhlengahlengiswa kwe-lattice ye-molecular. Ngelo xesha, i-lubricant eseleyo kunye neoli ebusweni bomqhubi ngexesha lenkqubo yokudweba ingasuswa, ukwenzela ukuba ucingo lunokupeyintwa lula kwaye umgangatho wocingo olungenasici unokuqinisekiswa. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuqinisekisa ukuba ucingo lwe-enameled lunokuguquguquka okufanelekileyo kunye nokwandiswa kwindlela yokusebenzisa njengokujija, kwaye kunceda ekuphuculeni i-conductivity ngexesha elifanayo.
Okukhona i-deformation enkulu ye-conductor, isezantsi i-elongation kwaye iphezulu amandla okuqina.
Kukho iindlela ezintathu eziqhelekileyo zokufunxa ucingo lobhedu: ukufakwa kweekhoyili; i-annealing eqhubekayo kumatshini wokuzoba ngocingo; ukufakwa ngokuqhubekayo kumatshini wokwenza enamelling. Iindlela ezimbini zangaphambili azikwazi ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zenkqubo ye-enamelling. I-coil annealing inokuthambisa kuphela ucingo lobhedu, kodwa ukuchithwa kwegrisi akuphelelanga. Ngenxa yokuba ucingo luthambile emva kwe-annealing, ukugoba kunyuswa ngexesha lokuhlawula. Ukufakwa ngokuqhubekayo kumatshini womzobo wocingo kunokuthambisa ucingo lobhedu kwaye kushenxise igrisi yomphezulu, kodwa emva kokuba i-annealing, inxeba locingo lobhedu oluthambileyo kwikhoyili kwaye lenze ukugoba okuninzi. Ukucoca ngokuqhubekayo ngaphambi kokupeyinta kwi-enameller akukwazi ukufikelela kuphela injongo yokuthambisa kunye nokunciphisa, kodwa kunye nocingo olufakwe kwi-annealed luchaneke kakhulu, ngqo kwisixhobo sokupeyinta, kwaye lunokufakwa ngefilimu yepeyinti efanayo.
Ubushushu besithando somlilo kufuneka bumiselwe ngokobude besithando somlilo, ukucaciswa kocingo lobhedu kunye nesantya somgca. Kwiqondo lobushushu elifanayo kunye nesantya, okukhona isithando somlilo siside, kokukhona ukubuyiswa ngokupheleleyo kweleti yomqhubi. Xa iqondo lobushushu le-anneal lisezantsi, kokukhona ubushushu beziko lomlilo buphezulu, kokukhona kuphucuka ukolula. Kodwa xa ubushushu be-annealing buphezulu kakhulu, into echaseneyo iya kuvela. Ukuphakama kweqondo lokushisa kwe-anneal, i-elongation encinci incinci, kwaye umphezulu wocingo uya kulahlekelwa ukubengezela, nokuba brittle.
Ukushisa okuphezulu kakhulu kwesithando somlilo akuchaphazeli nje kuphela ubomi benkonzo yesithando somlilo, kodwa kwakhona lutshisa ngokulula ucingo xa lumisiwe ukugqiba, lwaphukile kwaye lufakwe intambo. Ubushushu obuphezulu beziko lokutshisa kufuneka bulawuleke malunga nama-500 ℃. Kusebenza ngokufanelekileyo ukukhetha indawo yokulawula ubushushu kwindawo esondeleyo yobushushu obuqinileyo kunye nobushushu obuguquguqukayo ngokuthatha ukulawulwa kweqondo ezibini zesithando somlilo.
I-Copper ilula i-oxidize kwiqondo lokushisa eliphezulu. I-oxide ye-Copper ikhululekile kakhulu, kwaye ifilimu yepeyinti ayinakuqiniswa ngokuqinileyo kwintambo yobhedu. I-Copper oxide inefuthe elibangela ukuguga kwefilimu yepeyinti, kwaye ineempembelelo ezimbi kwi-flexibility, ukutshitshiswa kwe-thermal kunye nokuguga kwe-thermal yocingo lwe-enameled. Ukuba umqhubi wobhedu akanalo i-oxidized, kuyimfuneko ukugcina umqhubi wobhedu ngaphandle kokunxibelelana ne-oksijini emoyeni kwiqondo lokushisa eliphezulu, ngoko kufuneka kubekho igesi ekhuselayo. Uninzi lweziko lomlilo luvalwa ngamanzi kwelinye icala kwaye livuliwe kwelinye. Amanzi akwitanki yamanzi eziko anemisebenzi emithathu: ukuvala umlomo wesithando somlilo, ucingo lokupholisa, ukuvelisa umphunga njengerhasi ekhuselayo. Ekuqaleni kokuqalisa, kuba kukho umphunga omncinci kwi-tube ye-annealing, umoya awukwazi ukususwa ngexesha, ngoko ke umthamo omncinci wesisombululo samanzi otywala (1: 1) unokugalelwa kwi-tube ye-annealing. (qaphela ukuba ungagaleli utywala obucocekileyo kwaye ulawule umthamo)
Umgangatho wamanzi kwitanki yokufunxa ubaluleke kakhulu. Ukungcola emanzini kuya kwenza ucingo lungcolile, luchaphazele umzobo, lungakwazi ukwenza ifilimu epholileyo. Umxholo we-chlorine wamanzi abuyiselweyo kufuneka ube ngaphantsi kwe-5mg / L, kwaye i-conductivity kufuneka ibe ngaphantsi kwe-50 μ Ω / cm. Iiion zekloridi ezincanyathiselwe kumphezulu wocingo lobhedu ziya krusa ucingo lobhedu kunye nefilimu yepeyinti emva kwexesha elithile, kwaye ivelise amabala amnyama kumphezulu wocingo kwifilim yepeyinti yocingo olunameleli. Ukuqinisekisa umgangatho, isinki kufuneka icocwe rhoqo.
Ubushushu bamanzi etankini bukwafuneka. Ubushushu bamanzi obuphezulu bunceda ukwenzeka komphunga ukukhusela ucingo lwekopha olufakwe emanzini. Ucingo oluphuma kwitanki yamanzi alukho lula ukuthwala amanzi, kodwa aluncedi ukupholisa ucingo. Nangona ubushushu bamanzi aphantsi budlala indima yokupholisa, kukho amanzi amaninzi kwi-wire, engahambelani nomzobo. Ngokubanzi, ubushushu bamanzi bomgca ongqindilili buphantsi, kwaye elo lomgca obhityileyo liphezulu. Xa ucingo lobhedu luphuma kumphezulu wamanzi, kuvakala isandi sokunyuka komphunga kunye nokutshiza kwamanzi, nto leyo ebonisa ukuba ubushushu bamanzi buphezulu kakhulu. Ngokubanzi, umgca ongqindilili ulawulwa kwi-50 ~ 60 ℃, umgca ophakathi ulawulwa kwi-60 ~ 70 ℃, kwaye umgca obhityileyo ulawulwa kwi-70 ~ 80 ℃. Ngenxa yesantya esiphezulu kunye nengxaki enkulu yokuthwala amanzi, umgca ococekileyo kufuneka womiswe ngumoya oshushu.

Ukupeyinta
Ukupeyinta yinkqubo yokugubungela ucingo lokugubungela kwi-conductor yesinyithi ukwenza i-uniform yokugqoka kunye nobukhulu obuthile. Oku kunxulumene nezinto ezininzi ezibonakalayo zolwelo kunye neendlela zokupeyinta.
1. iziganeko ezibonakalayo
1) I-Viscosity xa ulwelo luhamba, ukungqubana phakathi kweeamolekyu kubangela ukuba i-molecule enye ihambe kunye nomnye. Ngenxa yamandla okusebenzisana, umaleko wokugqibela weemolekyuli uthintela intshukumo yomaleko wangaphambili weemolekyuli, ngaloo ndlela ubonisa umsebenzi wokuncamathela, obizwa ngokuba yi-viscosity. Iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokupeyinta kunye neenkcukacha ezahlukeneyo zomqhubi zifuna i-viscosity eyahlukileyo yepeyinti. I-viscosity inxulumene kakhulu ne-molecular weight of resin, i-molecular weight of resin inkulu, kwaye i-viscosity yepeyinti inkulu. Isetyenziselwa ukupenda umgca onqabileyo, kuba iimpawu zomatshini zefilimu ezifunyenwe yi-molecular weight high zingcono. I-resin ene-viscosity encinci isetyenziselwa ukugubungela umgca ococekileyo, kwaye ubunzima be-resin molecular buncinci kwaye bulula ukuba bufakwe ngokulinganayo, kwaye ifilimu yepeyinti igudileyo.
2) Kukho iimolekyuli ezijikeleze iimolekyuli ngaphakathi kolwelo loxinzelelo lomphezulu. Umxhuzulane phakathi kwezi molekyuli unokufikelela kwibhalansi yethutyana. Kwelinye icala, amandla omaleko weemolekyuli kumphezulu wolwelo axhomekeke kumxhuzulane weemolekyuli zolwelo, kwaye amandla awo akhomba kubunzulu bolwelo, kwelinye icala, aphantsi komxhuzulane. yeemolekyuli zegesi. Nangona kunjalo, iimolekyuli zegesi zingaphantsi kweemolekyuli zolwelo kwaye zikude. Ngoko ke, iimolekyuli ezikumphezulu wolwelo zinokufumaneka Ngenxa yobunzima obungaphakathi kulwelo, umphezulu wolwelo ucutheka kangangoko ukwenza intsimbi ejikelezayo. Ummandla womphezulu we-sphere ngowona mncinane kumthamo ofanayo wejometri. Ukuba ulwelo aluchatshazelwa ngamanye amandla, luhlala lungqukuva phantsi koxinzelelo lomphezulu.
Ngokokunyanzeliswa komphezulu wepeyinti yolwelo lwepeyinti, i-curvature ye-surface engalinganiyo iyahluka, kwaye uxinzelelo olulungileyo lwenqaku ngalinye alilingani. Ngaphambi kokungena kwiziko lokupeyinta, ulwelo lwepeyinti kwindawo eshinyeneyo luqukuqela kwindawo ebhityileyo ngoxinzelelo lomphezulu, ukuze ulwelo lwepeyinti lufane. Le nkqubo ibizwa ngokuba yinkqubo yokulinganisa. Ukufana kwefilimu yepeyinti kuchaphazeleka ngumphumo wokulinganisa, kunye nokuchatshazelwa ngumxhuzulane. Zizo zombini Isiphumo samandla anesiphumo.
Emva kokuba uvakalelo lwenziwe ngomqhubi wepeyinti, kukho inkqubo yokutsala ngeenxa zonke. Ngenxa yokuba ucingo luqatywe ngefektri, imilo yolwelo lwepeyinti imile okwe-olive. Ngeli xesha, phantsi kwesenzo soxinzelelo lomphezulu, isisombululo sepeyinti sinqoba i-viscosity yepeyinti ngokwayo kwaye ijika ibe isangqa ngomzuzwana. Umzobo kunye nenkqubo yokujikeleza yesisombululo sepeyinti iboniswe kumzobo:
I-1 - i-conductor yepeyinti kwi-feel 2-umzuzu wokuvezwa kwemveliso 3 - ulwelo lwepeyinti lungqukuva ngenxa yokuxinana komphezulu
Ukuba inkcazo yocingo incinci, i-viscosity yepeyinti incinci, kwaye ixesha elifunekayo lokudweba isangqa lincinci; ukuba inkcazo yocingo iyanda, i-viscosity yepeyinti iyanda, kwaye ixesha lokujikeleza elifunekayo nalo likhulu. Kwipeyinti ye-viscosity ephezulu, ngamanye amaxesha ukuxinezeleka komphezulu akukwazi ukoyisa ukungqubuzana kwangaphakathi kwepeyinti, okubangela umaleko wepeyinti ongalinganiyo.
Xa ucingo olugqunyiweyo luvakala, kusekho ingxaki yomxhuzulane kwinkqubo yokuzoba kunye nokujikeleza umaleko wepeyinti. Ukuba ixesha lokutsalwa kwesenzo sesangqa lifutshane, i-engile ebukhali yomnquma iya kunyamalala ngokukhawuleza, ixesha lempembelelo yesenzo somxhuzulane lifutshane kakhulu, kwaye umaleko wepeyinti kwi-conductor ufana ngokufanayo. Ukuba ixesha lomzobo lide, i-angle ebukhali kwiziphelo zombini inexesha elide kwaye ixesha lesenzo somxhuzulane lide. Ngeli xesha, umaleko wepeyinti wepeyinti kwikona ebukhali unendlela yokuhamba ehlayo, eyenza umaleko wepeyinti kwiindawo zasekuhlaleni uqiniswe, kwaye ukuxinezeleka komphezulu kubangela ukuba ulwelo lwepeyinti lutsale kwibhola kwaye lube ngamasuntswana. Ngenxa yokuba umxhuzulane ugqame kakhulu xa umaleko wepeyinti ungqindilili, awuvumelekanga ukuba ube ngqindilili kakhulu xa kuqatywa utyatyazo ngalunye, sesinye sezizathu zokuba “ipeyinti ebhityileyo isetyenziselwa ukugquma ngaphezu kwedyasi enye” xa kugqunywa umgca wokugquma. .
Xa utyabeka umgca ocolekileyo, ukuba ungqindilili, uyayekelela phantsi kwentshukumo yoxinzelelo lwangaphezulu, yenze uboya obumaza okanye ngoqalo.
Ukuba kukho i-burr enhle kakhulu kwi-conductor, i-burr ayilula ukupeyinta phantsi kwesenzo soxinzelelo lomphezulu, kwaye kulula ukulahlekelwa kwaye incinci, ebangela umngxuma wenaliti yocingo lwe-enameled.
Ukuba i-conductor ejikelezileyo i-oval, phantsi kwesenzo soxinzelelo olongezelelweyo, umaleko wolwelo lwepeyinti ubhityile kwiziphelo ezimbini ze-elliptical axis ende kwaye zityebile kwiziphelo ezimbini ze-axis emfutshane, nto leyo ebangela ukuba kubekho into ebalulekileyo engafaniyo. Ngoko ke, ukujikeleza kocingo lobhedu olujikelezileyo olusetyenziselwa ucingo olunamelene luya kuhlangabezana neemfuno.
Xa iqamza iveliswa ngepeyinti, iqamza ngumoya osongiweyo kwisisombululo sepeyinti ngexesha lokuvuselela kunye nokutya. Ngenxa yomlinganiselo omncinci womoya, unyukela kumphezulu wangaphandle nge-buoyancy. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yoxinzelelo oluphezulu lolwelo lwepeyinti, umoya awukwazi ukutyhutyha umphezulu kwaye uhlale kulwelo lwepeyinti. Olu hlobo lwepeyinti oluneqamza lomoya lusetyenziswa kumphezulu wocingo kwaye lungena kwiziko lokusonga ipeyinti. Emva kokufudumeza, umoya ukhula ngokukhawuleza, kwaye ulwelo lwepeyinti lupeyintiwe Xa ukunyanzeliswa komphezulu we-liquid kuncitshiswe ngenxa yobushushu, umphezulu womgca wokugquma awululanga.
3) Isiganeko sokumanzisa kukuba i-mercury drops iyancipha ibe yi-ellipses kwipleyiti yeglasi, kwaye amathontsi amanzi ayanda kwipleyiti yeglasi ukuze enze umaleko obhityileyo kunye neziko leconvex kancinane. Eyangaphambili ayiyonto imanzi, kwaye le yokugqibela yinto efumileyo. Ukumanzisa kukubonakalisa amandla eemolekyuli. Ukuba umxhuzulane phakathi kweemolekyuli zolwelo ungaphantsi kwelo phakathi kolwelo kunye nokuqinileyo, ulwelo lunyakamisa isiqina, kwaye ke ulwelo lunokwaleka ngokulinganayo kumphezulu wento eqinileyo; ukuba ubunzima phakathi kweemolekyuli zolwelo bukhulu kunobo buphakathi kolwelo kunye nokuqinileyo, ulwelo alunakumanzisa okuqinileyo, kwaye ulwelo luya kucutheka lube bubunzima kumphezulu oqinileyo Liqela. Lonke ulwelo lunokunyakamisa ezinye izinto eziqinileyo, hayi ezinye. I-engile phakathi komgca we-tangent womgangatho wolwelo kunye nomgca we-tangent womphezulu oqinileyo ubizwa ngokuba yi-engile yoqhagamshelwano. I-engile yoqhagamshelwano ingaphantsi kwe-90 ° ulwelo oluqinileyo olumanzi, kwaye ulwelo alumanzisi okuqinileyo kwi-90 ° okanye ngaphezulu.
Ukuba ubuso bocingo lobhedu buqaqambile kwaye bucocekile, unokufakwa uluhlu lwepeyinti. Ukuba umphezulu ufakwe ioli, i-angle yoqhagamshelwano phakathi komqhubi kunye ne-interface yolwelo lwepeyinti iyachaphazeleka. Ulwelo lwepeyinti luya kutshintsha ukusuka ekumanziseni ukuya kokungamanzisi. Ukuba ucingo lobhedu luqinile, i-surface molecular lattice ilungiselelo ngokungaqhelekanga ayinamtsalane omncinci kwipeyinti, engabandakanyi ukumanzisa ucingo lobhedu ngesisombululo se-lacquer.
I-4) I-Capillary phenomenon i-liquid eludongeni lombhobho iyanda, kwaye i-liquid engenakunyakamisa udonga lombhobho iyancipha kwi-tube ibizwa ngokuba yi-capillary phenomenon. Oku kubangelwa yinto yokumanzisa kunye nefuthe loxinzelelo lwangaphezulu. Ukupeyinta okuvakalelwa kukusebenzisa i-capillary phenomenon. Xa ulwelo lunyakamisa udonga lombhobho, ulwelo luphakama ecaleni kodonga lombhobho ukuze lwenza i-concave surface, eyandisa indawo engaphezulu yolwelo, kunye nokunyanzeliswa komphezulu kufuneka kwenze umphezulu wolwelo ucuthe ukuya kubuncinci. Ngaphantsi kwala mandla, umgangatho wolwelo uya kuba tye. Ulwelo olukumbhobho luya kunyuka ngokunyuka kude kube yimpembelelo yokumanzisa kunye noxinzelelo lomphezulu lutsalela phezulu kwaye ubunzima bekholamu yolwelo kumbhobho bufikelela kwibhalansi, ulwelo kumbhobho luya kuyeka Ukuyeka ukunyuka. Okukhona i-capillary incinci, incinci i-gravity ethile yolwelo, incinci i-angle yokudibanisa yokumanzisa, i-tension enkulu yomphezulu, iphezulu inqanaba lolwelo kwi-capillary, i-capillary phenomenon ibonakala ngakumbi.

2. Indlela yokupeyinta eveziweyo
Ulwakhiwo lwendlela yokupeyinta evakalelwayo ilula kwaye ukusebenza kukulungele. Logama nje into ezivayo ibotshelelwe yacaba kumacala omabini ocingo kunye nentsimbi ezivalekileyo, ukukhululeka, okuthambileyo, okuthambileyo kunye neempawu ezirhabaxa zokuziva zisetyenziselwa ukwenza umngxuma wokubumba, ukukrazula ipeyinti engaphezulu kwintambo, ukufunxa. , gcina, uthuthe kwaye wenze ulwelo lwepeyinti ngokusebenzisa i-capillary phenomenon, kwaye usebenzise i-uniform yepeyinti elulwelo kumphezulu wocingo.
Indlela yokwaleka ezivayo ayifanelekanga kwipeyinti yocingo ene-enameled ene-volatilization ye-solvent ekhawulezayo okanye i-viscosity ephezulu kakhulu. Ukukhawuleza kwe-volatilization ye-solvent kunye ne-viscosity ephezulu kakhulu iya kuvala ii-pores ze-feeling kwaye ilahlekelwe ngokukhawuleza i-elasticity yayo enhle kunye nekhono le-capillary siphon.
Xa usebenzisa indlela yokupeyinta, kufuneka kuqwalaselwe:
1) Umgama phakathi kwe-clamp evakalelwa kunye ne-oven inlet. Ukuqwalasela amandla asiphumo sokulinganisa kunye nomxhuzulane emva kokupeyinta, izinto zokunqunyanyiswa komgca kunye nobunzima bepeyinti, umgama phakathi kwetanki yokupenda kunye nepeyinti (umatshini othe tye) yi-50-80mm, kwaye umgama phakathi komlomo kunye nomlomo wesithando somlilo yi-200-250mm.
2) Iinkcukacha zokuziva. Xa ugquma imigangatho erhabaxa, imvakalelo kufuneka ibe banzi, ityebe, ithambile, i-elastic, kwaye ineepores ezininzi. Ukuziva kulula ukwenza imingxuma enkulu yokubumba kwinkqubo yokupeyinta, kunye nenani elikhulu lokugcina ipeyinti kunye nokuhanjiswa ngokukhawuleza. Kudingeka ukuba ube mxinwa, ube mncinci, uxineke kwaye unama-pores amancinci xa usebenzisa intambo efanelekileyo. Ukuvakalelwa kunokugqithwa ngendwangu yoboya bekotoni okanye i-T-shirt yengubo ukwenza indawo ecocekileyo kunye nethambileyo, ukwenzela ukuba ubuninzi bomzobo buncinci kwaye bufanane.
Iimfuno zobukhulu kunye nokuxinana kweefeti ezigqunyiweyo
Ubalulo mm ububanzi × ubukhulu boxinaniso g / cm3 Ubalulo mm ububanzi × ubukhulu boxinzelelo g / cm3
0.8~2.5 50×16 0.14~0.16 0.1~0.2 30×6 0.25~0.30
0.4~0.8 40×12 0.16~0.20 0.05~0.10 25×4 0.30~0.35
20 ~ 0.250.05 ngaphantsi kwe-20 × 30.35 ~ 0.40
3) Umgangatho wokuziva. Uboya obukumgangatho ophezulu obuvezwe ngosinga olucolekileyo nolude luyafuneka ekupeyinteni (usinga oludityanisiweyo olunobuxhakaxhaka obugqwesileyo bokuxhathisa ubushushu kunye nokumelana nokunxitywa kusetyenziselwe ukubuyisela uboya obuviwa kumazwe angaphandle). 5%, pH = 7, egudileyo, ubukhulu obufanayo.
4) Iimfuno ze-wave splint. I-splint kufuneka icwangciswe kwaye icutshungulwe ngokuchanekileyo, ngaphandle kokugqwala, ukugcina indawo edibeneyo yokudibanisa kunye nemvakalelo, ngaphandle kokugoba kunye nokuguqulwa. Izikhonkwane zobunzima obuhlukeneyo kufuneka zilungiswe ngeedamitha ezahlukeneyo zocingo. Ukuqina kokuziva kufuneka kulawulwe ngumxhuzulane wesiqu sakho kangangoko kunokwenzeka, kwaye kufuneka kuthintelwe ukucinezelwa ngesikrufu okanye intwasahlobo. Indlela yokubambelela kumxhuzulane wesiqu sakho inokwenza ukuba ukugquma komsonto ngamnye kuhambelane.
5) Ukuziva kufuneka kuhambelane kakuhle kunye nokunikezelwa kwepeyinti. Ngaphantsi kwemeko yokuba izinto zepeyinti zihlala zingatshintshi, inani lokunikezelwa kwepeyinti lingalawulwa ngokulungelelanisa ukujikeleza kwe-roller yokuhambisa ipeyinti. Isikhundla se- feel, i-splint kunye ne-conductor iya kulungelelaniswa ukwenzela ukuba i-diye hole yokubumba inqanaba kunye nomqhubi, ukwenzela ukuba kugcinwe uxinzelelo olufanayo lwemvakalelo kumqhubi. Indawo ethe tyaba yevili lesikhokelo somatshini we-enamelling othe tyaba kufuneka ube ngaphantsi kunomphezulu we-enamelling roller, kwaye ukuphakama komphezulu we-enamelling roller kunye nombindi we-interlayer evakalelwayo kufuneka kube kumgca othe tye. Ukuqinisekisa ukuba ubukhulu befilimu kunye nokugqiba kocingo lwe-enameled, kuyafaneleka ukusebenzisa ukujikeleza okuncinci ukubonelela ngepeyinti. Ulwelo lwepeyinti lumpontshelwa kwibhokisi yepeyinti enkulu, kwaye ipeyinti yokujikeleza iphonswa kwitanki yepeyinti encinci ukusuka kwibhokisi yepeyinti enkulu. Ngokusetyenziswa kwepeyinti, itanki yepeyinti encinci ixhaswa ngokuqhubekayo ngepeyinti kwibhokisi enkulu yepeyinti, ukwenzela ukuba ipeyinti kwitanki yepeyinti encinci igcine i-viscosity efanayo kunye nomxholo oqinileyo.
6) Emva kokusetyenziswa ixesha elithile, iipores ze-coated zivakalelwa ziya kuvinjelwa ngumgubo wobhedu kwi-wire copper okanye ezinye izinto ezingcolileyo kwipeyinti. Ucingo olwaphukileyo, ucingo oluncamathelayo okanye umdibaniso kwimveliso nawo uya kukrwempa kwaye wonakalise i-soft and even surface of the feel. Umphezulu wocingo uya konakaliswa yingxabano yexesha elide kunye nemvakalelo. I-radiation yeqondo lokushisa emlonyeni wesithando somlilo iya kwenza lukhuni ukuvakalelwa, ngoko kufuneka itshintshwe rhoqo.
I-7) Umzobo we-Felt unemiba engenakuphepheka. Ukutshintshwa rhoqo, izinga eliphantsi lokusetyenziswa, ukunyuka kweemveliso zenkunkuma, ilahleko enkulu yokuziva; ubukhulu befilimu phakathi kwemigca akulula ukufikelela okufanayo; kulula ukwenza ifilimu eccentricity; isantya silinganiselwe. Ngenxa yokuba ukukhuhla okubangelwa yintshukumo ehambelanayo phakathi kocingo kunye nokuvakala xa isantya socingo sikhawuleza kakhulu, siya kuvelisa ubushushu, sitshintshe i-viscosity yepeyinti, kwaye itshise imvakalelo; ukusebenza okungafanelekanga kuya kuzisa imvakalelo kwiziko kwaye kubangele iiNgozi zomlilo; kukho iingcingo ezizivayo kwifilimu yocingo lwe-enameled, oluya kuba nemiphumo emibi kwi-high heat resistant wire enameled; ipeyinti ye-viscosity ephezulu ayinakusetyenziswa, eya kwandisa iindleko.

3. Ipasi yokupeyinta
Inani lokupasa kwepeyinti lichaphazeleka ngumxholo oqinileyo, i-viscosity, ukunyanzeliswa komphezulu, i-angle yoqhagamshelwano, isantya sokumisa, indlela yokudweba kunye nobukhulu bokugqoka. Ipeyinti yocingo olunamelene ngokubanzi kufuneka lugqunywe kwaye lubhakwe amaxesha amaninzi ukwenza i-solvent ibe ngumphunga ngokupheleleyo, ukusabela kwe-resin kugqityiwe, kwaye ifilimu enhle yenziwe.
Ipeyinti yepeyinti yesantya esiqinileyo isiqulatho sepeyinti yoxinzelelo lwepeyinti yepeyinti ye-viscosity yepeyinti
Ukukhawuleza kunye nokucotha okuphezulu kunye nobukhulu obuphantsi obukhulu kwaye bubhityile buphezulu kwaye buphantsi buvakale ngundo
Mangaphi amaxesha okupeyinta
Isitshixo sokuqala sisitshixo. Ukuba incinci kakhulu, ifilimu iya kuvelisa ukunyanzeliswa komoya othile, kwaye umqhubi wobhedu uya kuba ne-oxidized, kwaye ekugqibeleni umphezulu wocingo lwe-enameled uya kudubula. Ukuba kukhulu kakhulu, ukusabela kokudibanisa okunqamlezileyo akunakukwanela kwaye ukunamathela kwefilimu kuya kuncipha, kwaye ipeyinti iya kuncipha kwi-tip emva kokuphuka.
Ukugquma kokugqibela kuncinci, okuluncedo ekuxhathiseni ukukrala kocingo olunamele.
Ekuvelisweni komgca wokucaciswa kakuhle, inani lepeyinti elidlulayo lichaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukubonakala kunye nokusebenza kwe-pinhole.

ukubhaka
Emva kokuba ucingo lupeyintiwe, lungena kwi-oven. Okokuqala, i-solvent kwipeyinti i-evaporated, ize iqiniswe ukuze yenze ifilimu yepeyinti. Emva koko, ipeyintiwe kwaye ibhakiwe. Yonke inkqubo yokubhaka igqityiwe ngokuphindaphinda oku ngamaxesha amaninzi.
1. Ukusasazwa kobushushu be-oven
Ukuhanjiswa kweqondo lokushisa kwe-oven kunempembelelo enkulu ekubhakeni kocingo lwe-enameled. Kukho iimfuno ezimbini zokusasazwa kobushushu be-oven: ubushushu belongitudinal kunye nobushushu obunqamlezayo. Imfuno yeqondo lokushisa longitudinal yi-curvilinear, oko kukuthi, ukusuka ezantsi ukuya phezulu, kwaye emva koko ukusuka phezulu ukuya phezulu. Ubushushu obunqamlezileyo kufuneka bube ngumgca. Ukufana kweqondo lokushisa elinqamlezayo kuxhomekeke ekufudumeni, ukugcinwa kobushushu kunye nokuhanjiswa kwegesi eshushu yezixhobo.
Inkqubo ye-enamelling idinga ukuba isithando somlilo se-enamelling kufuneka sihlangabezane neemfuno ze
a) Ulawulo oluchanekileyo lobushushu, ± 5 ℃
b) Ijika lobushushu lesithando somlilo linokulungiswa, kwaye ubushushu obuphezulu bendawo yokunyanga bunokufikelela kuma-550 ℃
c) Umahluko wobushushu obunqamlezileyo awuyi kuba ngaphezulu kwe-5 ℃.
Zintathu iindidi zamaqondo obushushu kwi-oveni: ubushushu bomthombo wobushushu, ubushushu bomoya kunye nobushushu bomqhubi. Ngokwesiko, iqondo lokushisa lesithando somlilo lilinganiswa ne-thermocouple ebekwe emoyeni, kwaye iqondo lokushisa ngokuqhelekileyo lisondele kwiqondo lokushisa legesi kwiziko. Umthombo we-T > i-t-gas > I-T-paint > i-t-wire (i-T-peyinti liqondo lobushushu lokutshintsha komzimba kunye neekhemikhali zepeyinti kwi-oven). Ngokubanzi, ipeyinti ye-T imalunga ne-100 ℃ ngaphantsi kwe-t-gesi.
I-oven yohlulwe ibe yindawo yokuphuphuma komphunga kunye nendawo yokuqina ngobude. Indawo yokuphuphuma komphunga ilawulwa yi-evaporation solvent, kwaye indawo yokunyanga ilawulwa yifilimu yokunyanga.
2. Ukuba ngumphunga
Emva kokuba ipeyinti ye-insulating isetyenziswe kumqhubi, i-solvent kunye ne-diluent i-evaporated ngexesha lokubhaka. Zimbini iintlobo zolwelo ukuya kwirhasi: ulwelo kunye nokubilisa. Iimolekyuli ezikumphezulu wolwelo ezingena emoyeni zibizwa ngokuba ngumphunga, onokuthi uqhutywe nakuliphi na iqondo lobushushu. Ukuchatshazelwa bubushushu kunye nokuxinana, ubushushu obuphezulu kunye nokuxinana okuphantsi kunokukhawulezisa ukuvela kwamanzi. Xa uxinaniso lufikelela kumyinge othile, ulwelo alusayi kuphinda lube ngumphunga kwaye lugcwale. Iimolekyuli ezingaphakathi kulwelo zijika zibe yigesi ukuze zenze amaqamza zize zinyukele kumphezulu wolwelo. Amaqamza agqabhuke aze akhuphe umphunga. Isenzeko sokuba iimolekyuli ngaphakathi nakumphezulu wolwelo zibe ngumphunga ngaxeshanye ubizwa ngokuba kukubilisa.
Ifilimu yocingo lwe-enameled iyadingeka ukuba ihambe kakuhle. I-vaporization ye-solvent kufuneka iqhutywe ngendlela yokuphefumula. Ukubilisa akuvumelekanga ngokupheleleyo, ngaphandle koko amaqamza kunye namasuntswana anoboya aya kuvela kumphezulu wocingo olunamelene. Ngokuphuphuma kwento enyibilikayo kwipeyinti yolwelo, ipeyinti yokugquma iya ijiya kwaye ibe ngqindilili, kwaye ixesha lokunyibilikisa ngaphakathi kwipeyinti yolwelo ukufudukela kumphezulu liba lide, ngakumbi kucingo olushinyeneyo olunamele. Ngenxa yobunzima bepeyinti ye-liquid, ixesha lokunyuka kwe-evaporation lifuna ukuba libe lide ukuze ugweme i-vaporization ye-solvent yangaphakathi kwaye ufumane ifilimu egudileyo.
Ubushushu bendawo yokuphuphuma komphunga buxhomekeke kwindawo yokubilisa yesisombululo. Ukuba indawo yokubilisa iphantsi, ubushushu bommandla wokufudumala buya kuba ngaphantsi. Nangona kunjalo, ubushushu bepeyinti phezu komphezulu wocingo lugqithiselwa ukusuka kwiqondo lokushisa, kunye nokufunxa ubushushu bomphunga wesisombululo, ukufunxa ubushushu bocingo, ngoko ke ubushushu bepeyinti kumphezulu wocingo lukhulu. ngaphantsi kobushushu beziko.
Nangona kukho inqanaba lokunyuka kwe-evaporation ekubhakeni kwee-enamels ezicolekileyo, i-solvent iyakhupha ngexesha elifutshane kakhulu ngenxa ye-coating ebhityileyo kucingo, ngoko ke ubushushu kwindawo yokuphuphuma kwamanzi bunokuba phezulu. Ukuba ifilimu idinga ubushushu obuphantsi ngexesha lokunyanga, njengocingo lwe-polyurethane enameled, iqondo lobushushu kwindawo yokuphuphuma komphunga liphezulu kunelo kwindawo yokunyanga. Ukuba iqondo lobushushu lendawo yokuphuphuma ngumphunga liphantsi, umphezulu wocingo olunameleneyo uyakwenza iinwele ezishwabeneyo, ngamanye amaxesha zibe njenge-wavy okanye i-slubby, ngamanye amaxesha zijike. Oku kungenxa yokuba umaleko ofanayo wepeyinti wenziwa kwintambo emva kokuba ucingo lupeyintiwe. Ukuba ifilimu ayibhakwanga ngokukhawuleza, ipeyinti iyancipha ngenxa yoxinzelelo lomphezulu kunye ne-angle yokumanzisa ipeyinti. Xa ubushushu bendawo yokuphuphuma buphantsi, ubushushu bepeyinti buphantsi, ixesha lokunyuka kwe-solvent lide, ukuhamba kwepeyinti kwi-evaporation ye-solvent kuncinci, kwaye ukulinganisa kubi. Xa ubushushu bendawo yokuphuphuma buphezulu, ubushushu bepeyinti buphezulu, kwaye ixesha lokunyuka kwe-solvent lide Ixesha lokunyuka kwe-evaporation lifutshane, ukuhamba kwepeyinti yolwelo kwi-evaporation ye-solvent inkulu, ukulinganisa kulungile, kwaye umphezulu wocingo olunameleli ugudile.
Ukuba iqondo lokushisa kwi-evaporation zone liphezulu kakhulu, i-solvent kwi-layer yangaphandle iya kunyuka ngokukhawuleza ngokukhawuleza ukuba ucingo oludibeneyo lungena kwi-oven, oluya kwenza "i-jelly" ngokukhawuleza, ngaloo ndlela luthintele ukufuduka kwangaphandle kwe-solvent yangaphakathi. Ngenxa yoko, inani elikhulu lezinto ezinyibilikayo kuluhlu lwangaphakathi luya kunyanzeliswa ukuba lube ngumphunga okanye lubilise emva kokungena kwindawo yobushushu obuphezulu kunye nocingo, oluya kutshabalalisa ukuqhubeka kwefilimu yepeyinti yomphezulu kwaye ibangele i-pinholes kunye namaqamu kwifilimu yepeyinti. Kwaye ezinye iingxaki zomgangatho.

3. ukunyanga
Ucingo lungena kwindawo yokunyanga emva kokuphuma komphunga. Ukusabela okuphambili kwindawo yokunyanga kukusabela kweekhemikhali zepeyinti, oko kukuthi, ukudibanisa kunye nokunyangwa kwesiseko sepeyinti. Ngokomzekelo, ipeyinti ye-polyester luhlobo lwefilimu yepeyinti eyenza isakhiwo somnatha ngokudibanisa i-ester yomthi kunye nesakhiwo somgca. Ukusabela kokunyanga kubaluleke kakhulu, kuhambelana ngqo nokusebenza komgca wokugquma. Ukuba ukunyanga akwanelanga, kunokuchaphazela ukuguquguquka, ukuxhathisa kwe-solvent, ukuxhathisa ukukrazula kunye nokunciphisa ukuchithwa kocingo lokugubungela. Ngamanye amaxesha, nangona yonke imiboniso yayilungile ngelo xesha, ukuzinza kwefilimu kwakungalunganga, kwaye emva kwexesha lokugcinwa, idatha yokusebenza iyancipha, kwaye ayifanelekanga. Ukuba ukunyanga kuphezulu kakhulu, ifilimu iba yi-brittle, ukuguquguquka kunye nokutshatyalaliswa kwe-thermal kuya kuncipha. Uninzi lweengcingo ezinameleli zingamiselwa ngumbala wefilimu yepeyinti, kodwa ngenxa yokuba umgca wokugubungela ubhaka amaxesha amaninzi, awukho ngokubanzi ukugweba kuphela kwimbonakalo. Xa ukunyanga kwangaphakathi kungakwanelanga kwaye ukunyangwa kwangaphandle kwanele kakhulu, umbala womgca wokugquma ulungile kakhulu, kodwa ipropati ye-peeling ihlupheke kakhulu. Uvavanyo lokuguga kwe-thermal lunokukhokelela kwi-sleeve yokwambathisa okanye i-peeling enkulu. Ngokuchasene noko, xa ukunyanga kwangaphakathi kulungile kodwa ukunyangwa kwangaphandle akwanelanga, umbala womgca wokugquma ulungile, kodwa ukuxhathisa ukukrala kubi kakhulu.
Ngokuchasene noko, xa ukunyanga kwangaphakathi kulungile kodwa ukunyangwa kwangaphandle akwanelanga, umbala womgca wokugquma ulungile, kodwa ukuxhathisa ukukrala kubi kakhulu.
Ucingo lungena kwindawo yokunyanga emva kokuphuma komphunga. Ukusabela okuphambili kwindawo yokunyanga kukusabela kweekhemikhali zepeyinti, oko kukuthi, ukudibanisa kunye nokunyangwa kwesiseko sepeyinti. Ngokomzekelo, ipeyinti ye-polyester luhlobo lwefilimu yepeyinti eyenza isakhiwo somnatha ngokudibanisa i-ester yomthi kunye nesakhiwo somgca. Ukusabela kokunyanga kubaluleke kakhulu, kuhambelana ngqo nokusebenza komgca wokugquma. Ukuba ukunyanga akwanelanga, kunokuchaphazela ukuguquguquka, ukuxhathisa kwe-solvent, ukuxhathisa ukukrazula kunye nokunciphisa ukuchithwa kocingo lokugubungela.
Ukuba ukunyanga akwanelanga, kunokuchaphazela ukuguquguquka, ukuxhathisa kwe-solvent, ukuxhathisa ukukrazula kunye nokunciphisa ukuchithwa kocingo lokugubungela. Ngamanye amaxesha, nangona yonke imiboniso yayilungile ngelo xesha, ukuzinza kwefilimu kwakungalunganga, kwaye emva kwexesha lokugcinwa, idatha yokusebenza iyancipha, kwaye ayifanelekanga. Ukuba ukunyanga kuphezulu kakhulu, ifilimu iba yi-brittle, ukuguquguquka kunye nokutshatyalaliswa kwe-thermal kuya kuncipha. Uninzi lweengcingo ezinameleli zingamiselwa ngumbala wefilimu yepeyinti, kodwa ngenxa yokuba umgca wokugubungela ubhaka amaxesha amaninzi, awukho ngokubanzi ukugweba kuphela kwimbonakalo. Xa ukunyanga kwangaphakathi kungakwanelanga kwaye ukunyangwa kwangaphandle kwanele kakhulu, umbala womgca wokugquma ulungile kakhulu, kodwa ipropati ye-peeling ihlupheke kakhulu. Uvavanyo lokuguga kwe-thermal lunokukhokelela kwi-sleeve yokwambathisa okanye i-peeling enkulu. Ngokuchasene noko, xa ukunyanga kwangaphakathi kulungile kodwa ukunyangwa kwangaphandle akwanelanga, umbala womgca wokugquma ulungile, kodwa ukuxhathisa ukukrala kubi kakhulu. Ekuphatheni ukusabela, ukuxinwa kwegesi ye-solvent okanye umswakama kwi-gas ikakhulu kuchaphazela ukubunjwa kwefilimu, okwenza ukuba amandla efilimu yomgca wokugquma anciphise kwaye ukuchasana nokukrala kuchaphazeleke.
Uninzi lweengcingo ezinameleli zingamiselwa ngumbala wefilimu yepeyinti, kodwa ngenxa yokuba umgca wokugubungela ubhaka amaxesha amaninzi, awukho ngokubanzi ukugweba kuphela kwimbonakalo. Xa ukunyanga kwangaphakathi kungakwanelanga kwaye ukunyangwa kwangaphandle kwanele kakhulu, umbala womgca wokugquma ulungile kakhulu, kodwa ipropati ye-peeling ihlupheke kakhulu. Uvavanyo lokuguga kwe-thermal lunokukhokelela kwi-sleeve yokwambathisa okanye i-peeling enkulu. Ngokuchasene noko, xa ukunyanga kwangaphakathi kulungile kodwa ukunyangwa kwangaphandle akwanelanga, umbala womgca wokugquma ulungile, kodwa ukuxhathisa ukukrala kubi kakhulu. Ekuphatheni ukusabela, ukuxinwa kwegesi ye-solvent okanye umswakama kwi-gas ikakhulu kuchaphazela ukubunjwa kwefilimu, okwenza ukuba amandla efilimu yomgca wokugquma anciphise kwaye ukuchasana nokukrala kuchaphazeleke.

4. Ukulahlwa kwenkunkuma
Ngethuba lenkqubo yokubhaka yocingo lwe-enameled, umphunga we-solvent kunye nezinto eziqhekezayo ze-molecular kufuneka zikhutshwe kwisithando somlilo ngexesha. Ubuninzi be-solvent vapor kunye ne-humidity kwi-gas buya kuchaphazela ukukhupha kunye nokunyanga kwinkqubo yokubhaka, kwaye izinto eziphantsi ze-molecular ziyakuchaphazela ukuguquguquka kunye nokukhanya kwefilimu yepeyinti. Ukongezelela, ukuxinwa komphunga we-solvent kuhambelana nokhuseleko, ngoko ke ukukhutshwa kwenkunkuma kubaluleke kakhulu kumgangatho wemveliso, ukuveliswa okukhuselekileyo kunye nokusetyenziswa kobushushu.
Ukuqwalasela umgangatho wemveliso kunye nemveliso yokhuseleko, inani lokukhutshwa kwenkunkuma kufuneka libe likhulu, kodwa ubushushu obuninzi kufuneka buthathwe ngexesha elifanayo, ngoko ukukhutshwa kwenkunkuma kufuneka kube ngokufanelekileyo. Ukukhutshwa kwenkunkuma ye-catalytic yokutsha eziko lokujikeleza komoya oshushu kudla ngokuba yi-20 ~ 30% yobuninzi bomoya oshushu. Ubungakanani benkunkuma buxhomekeke kwisixa se-solvent esetyenzisiweyo, ukufuma komoya kunye nobushushu be-oveni. Malunga ne-40 ~ 50m3 inkunkuma (eguqulelwe kwiqondo lobushushu begumbi) iya kukhutshelwa xa kusetyenziswa isinyibilikisi esiyi-1kg. Isixa senkunkuma sinokugwetywa kwimeko yokufudumala yokushisa kwesithando somlilo, ukuchasana nokukrala kocingo olunamele kunye negloss yocingo olunameled. Ukuba ubushushu beziko luvaliwe ixesha elide, kodwa ixabiso lesalathiso seqondo lobushushu lisephezulu kakhulu, oko kuthetha ukuba ubushushu obuveliswa kukutsha kwe-catalytic bulingana okanye bukhulu kunobushushu obusetyenzisiweyo ekomisweni kwe-oveni, kwaye ukomiswa kwe-oveni kuya kuphuma. yokulawula kwiqondo lokushisa eliphezulu, ngoko ukukhutshwa kwenkunkuma kufuneka kwandiswe ngokufanelekileyo. Ukuba ukushisa kwesithando somlilo kushushu ixesha elide, kodwa isibonakaliso sokushisa asiphezulu, kuthetha ukuba ukusetyenziswa kobushushu kuninzi, kwaye kunokwenzeka ukuba ubuninzi benkunkuma ekhutshweyo ininzi kakhulu. Emva kokuhlolwa, umthamo wenkunkuma okhutshiweyo kufuneka uncitshiswe ngokufanelekileyo. Xa ukuxhathisa komkrwelo wocingo olunamelene kungalunganga, kusenokwenzeka ukuba ukufuma kwerhasi eziko kuphezulu kakhulu, ngakumbi kwimozulu emanzi ehlotyeni, ukufuma okusemoyeni kuphezulu kakhulu, kunye nokufuma okuvela emva kokutsha kwe-solvent. Umphunga wenza ukufuma kwerhasi eziko kuphakame. Ngeli xesha, ukukhutshwa kwenkunkuma kufuneka kwandiswe. Indawo yombethe yerhasi eziko ayikho ngaphezu kwama-25 ℃. Ukuba isicwebezelo socingo olunamelene luhlwempuzekileyo kwaye alukhanyisi, kusenokwenzeka ukuba ubungakanani benkunkuma ekhutshiweyo buncinci, kuba izinto eziqhekekileyo zemolekyuli azikhutshelwanga kwaye zincanyathiselwe kumphezulu wefilimu yepeyinti, nto leyo eyenza ifilimu yepeyinti ibe mdaka. .
Ukutshaya kuyinto eqhelekileyo embi kwi-horizontal enamelling furnace. Ngokutsho kwe-ventilation theory, igesi isoloko ihamba ukusuka kwinqanaba kunye noxinzelelo oluphezulu ukuya kwinqanaba eliphantsi. Emva kokuba igesi kwisithando somlilo ishushu, umthamo uyanda ngokukhawuleza kwaye uxinzelelo luyanda. Xa uxinzelelo oluhle lubonakala kwisithando somlilo, umlomo wesithando somlilo uya kutshaya. Umthamo wokukhupha unokunyuswa okanye umthamo wokuhambisa umoya ungancitshiswa ukubuyisela indawo yoxinzelelo olubi. Ukuba kuphela isiphelo esinye somlomo wesithando somlilo siyatshaya, kungenxa yokuba umthamo wokunikezelwa komoya kwesi siphelo mkhulu kakhulu kwaye uxinzelelo lomoya wendawo luphezulu kunoxinzelelo lwe-atmospheric, ukuze umoya owongezelelweyo awukwazi ukungena eziko ukusuka emlonyeni wesithando somlilo, ukunciphisa umthamo wonikezelo lomoya kwaye wenze uxinzelelo olulungileyo lwendawo lunyamalale.

Ukupholisa
Ukushisa kocingo lwe-enameled oluvela kwi-oven luphezulu kakhulu, ifilimu ithambile kakhulu kwaye amandla amancinci. Ukuba ayipholiswanga ngexesha, ifilimu iya konakaliswa emva kwevili lesikhokelo, elichaphazela umgangatho wocingo lwe-enameled. Xa isantya somgca sihamba kancinci, okoko nje kukho ubude obuthile becandelo lokupholisa, ucingo olunameleli lunokupholiswa ngokwendalo. Xa isantya somgca sikhawuleza, ukupholisa kwendalo akukwazi ukuhlangabezana neemfuno, ngoko kufuneka kunyanzeliswe ukupholisa, ngaphandle koko isantya somgca asikwazi ukuphuculwa.
Ukupholisa umoya ngenkani kusetyenziswa kakhulu. I-blower isetyenziselwa ukupholisa umgca ngombhobho womoya kunye nepholile. Qaphela ukuba umthombo womoya kufuneka usetyenziswe emva kokuhlanjululwa, ukwenzela ukuba ugweme ukuvuthela ukungcola kunye nothuli kumphezulu wocingo lwe-enameled kunye nokunamathela kwifilimu yepeyinti, okukhokelela kwiingxaki zomhlaba.
Nangona umphumo wokupholisa amanzi ulungile kakhulu, uya kuchaphazela umgangatho wocingo lwe-enameled, wenze ifilimu iqulethe amanzi, ukunciphisa ukunyanzeliswa kwe-scratch kunye nokuxhatshazwa kwe-solvent yefilimu, ngoko ayifanelekanga ukuyisebenzisa.
ukuthambisa
I-lubrication yocingo lwe-enameled inempembelelo enkulu ekuqineni kokuthatha. I-lubricant esetyenziselwa i-enameled wire iya kukwazi ukwenza umphezulu we-enameled wire egudileyo, ngaphandle kokulimaza ucingo, ngaphandle kokuchaphazela amandla e-reel yokuthatha kunye nokusetyenziswa komsebenzisi. Isixa esifanelekileyo se-oyile yokufezekisa isandla sivakale i-enameled wire egudileyo, kodwa izandla aziyiboni ioyile ecacileyo. Ngokobungakanani, i-1m2 yocingo olunameleli lunokufakwa nge-1g yeoli yokuthambisa.
Iindlela eziqhelekileyo zokuthambisa ziquka: i-oiling oil, isikhumba senkomo kunye ne-roller oiling. Kwimveliso, iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokuthambisa kunye nezithambiso ezahlukeneyo zikhethwa ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezahlukeneyo zocingo olunamelene kwinkqubo yokujija.

Yise phezulu
Injongo yokufumana kunye nokulungelelanisa ucingo kukugubungela ucingo lwe-enameled ngokuqhubekayo, ngokuqinileyo kwaye ngokulinganayo kwi-spool. Kuyafuneka ukuba indlela yokwamkela kufuneka iqhutywe kakuhle, ngengxolo encinci, ingcinezelo efanelekileyo kunye nokuhlelwa rhoqo. Kwiingxaki zomgangatho wocingo olwenziwe nge-enameled, umlinganiselo wembuyekezo ngenxa yokungafumani kakuhle kunye nokucwangciswa kocingo lukhulu kakhulu, lubonakaliswe ngokukodwa kwintlupheko enkulu yomgca wokufumana, ukutsalwa kwentambo yocingo okanye i-disc wire disc; ukunyanzeliswa komgca ofumanayo kuncinci, umgca okhululekileyo kwikhoyili ubangela ukuphazamiseka komgca, kwaye ukulungelelaniswa kokungalingani kubangela ukuphazamiseka komgca. Nangona uninzi lwezi ngxaki lubangelwa kukusebenza ngendlela engafanelekanga, amanyathelo ayimfuneko nawo ayafuneka ukuzisa lula kubasebenzi kwinkqubo.
Ukunyanzeliswa komgca wokufumana kubaluleke kakhulu, okulawulwa kakhulu ngesandla somqhubi. Ngokwamava, ezinye iinkcukacha zibonelelwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: umgca orhabaxa malunga ne-1.0mm malunga ne-10% yoxinzelelo olungelolwandiso, umgca ophakathi umalunga ne-15% yoxinzelelo olungandisiyo, umgca ocolekileyo umalunga ne-20% Uxinzelelo olungandisiyo, kwaye umgca omncinci umalunga ne-25% yoxinzelelo olungandisiyo.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukumisela umlinganiselo wesantya somgca kunye nesantya sokufumana ngokufanelekileyo. Umgama omncinci phakathi kwemigca yokucwangcisa umgca uya kubangela lula umgca ongalinganiyo kwikhoyili. Umgama womgca mncinci kakhulu. Xa umgca uvaliwe, imigca yangasemva icinezelwe ngaphambili kwimijikelezo emininzi yemigca, ifikelela kubude obuthile kwaye ngokukhawuleza iwele, ukuze isangqa sangasemva semigca sicinezelwe phantsi kwesangqa sangaphambili semigca. Xa umsebenzisi eyisebenzisa, umgca uya kuphulwa kwaye ukusetyenziswa kuya kuchaphazeleka. Umgama womgca ukhulu kakhulu, umgca wokuqala kunye nomgca wesibini ukwimo enqamlezileyo, isithuba phakathi kocingo olunameled kwi-coil lukhulu, umthamo we-wire tray uyancitshiswa, kwaye ukubonakala komgca wokugquma kuphazamisekile. Ngokuqhelekileyo, kwi-tray yocingo ene-core encinci, umgama ophakathi phakathi kwemigca kufuneka ube ngamaxesha amathathu obubanzi bomgca; kwi-disc yocingo enobubanzi obukhulu, umgama phakathi kwamaziko phakathi kwemigca kufuneka ube ngamaxesha amathathu ukuya kwamahlanu obubanzi bomgca. Ixabiso lereferensi yomlinganiselo wesantya somgca ngu-1: 1.7-2.
Ifomula yobugcisa t= π (r+r) × l/2v × D × 1000
T-umgca wendlela enye yokuhamba kwexesha (min) r – ububanzi beplate yecala le-spool (mm)
I-R-diameter ye-spool barrel (mm) l - umgama wokuvula we-spool (mm)
Isantya socingo lwe-V (m/min) d – idiameter yangaphandle yocingo olunameleneyo (mm)

7. Indlela yokusebenza
Nangona umgangatho we-enameled wire ixhomekeke kakhulu kumgangatho wezinto eziluhlaza ezifana nepeyinti kunye nocingo kunye nemeko yenjongo yoomatshini kunye nezixhobo, ukuba asijongani nzulu noluhlu lweengxaki ezifana nokubhaka, ukufakwa, isantya kunye nobudlelwane babo. ukusebenza, musa ukulawula itekhnoloji yokusebenza, musa ukwenza umsebenzi olungileyo kumsebenzi wokukhenketha kunye nolungiselelo lokupaka, musa ukwenza umsebenzi olungileyo kwinkqubo yococeko, nokuba abathengi abanelisekanga Kungakhathaliseki ukuba imeko injani na, singakwazi ' t ukuvelisa ucingo olunameleli olukumgangatho ophezulu. Ke ngoko, into ethatha isigqibo sokwenza umsebenzi olungileyo wocingo lwe-enameled yimvakalelo yoxanduva.
1. Phambi kokuba kuqaliswe umatshini wokucoca umoya otshisayo wokutyhutyha i-enamelling, i-fan kufuneka ivulwe ukwenza umoya osesithandweni ujikeleze kancinane. Tshisa iziko kunye nendawo ye-catalytic ngokufudumeza kombane ukwenza ubushushu bendawo ye-catalytic bufikelele kubushushu obuchaziweyo be-catalyst.
2. "Ukukhuthala okuthathu" kunye "nokuhlolwa okuthathu" ekusebenzeni kwemveliso.
1) Rhoqo ukulinganisa ifilimu yepeyinti kanye ngeyure, kwaye ulinganise indawo ye-zero yekhadi le-micrometer ngaphambi kokulinganisa. Xa ulinganisa umgca, ikhadi le-micrometer kunye nomgca kufuneka ugcine isantya esifanayo, kwaye umgca omkhulu kufuneka ulinganiswe kwiindlela ezimbini ze-perpendicular.
2) Rhoqo jonga ukucwangciswa kocingo, hlala ujonga ukucwangciswa kocingo ngasemva nangaphandle kunye nokuqina koxinzelelo, kunye nexesha elifanelekileyo lokuchaneka. Jonga ukuba ioyile yokuthambisa ifanelekile na.
3) Rhoqo ujonge umphezulu, uhlala ujonga ukuba i-enameled wire ine-grayy, i-peeling kunye nezinye izinto ezimbi kwinkqubo yokugquma, fumana izizathu, kwaye ulungise ngokukhawuleza. Kwiimveliso ezineziphene kwimoto, yisuse ngexesha elifanelekileyo i-axle.
4) Khangela ukusebenza, khangela ukuba iindawo eziqhubayo ziqhelekile, qwa lasela ukunyanzeliswa kwe-shaft yokuhlawula, kwaye uthintele intloko ejikelezayo, ucingo oluphukile kunye nobubanzi bocingo ekunciphiseni.
5) Jonga ubushushu, isantya kunye ne-viscosity ngokweemfuno zenkqubo.
6) Khangela ukuba izinto eziluhlaza zihlangabezana neemfuno zobugcisa kwinkqubo yokuvelisa.
3. Ekusebenzeni kwemveliso yocingo lwe-enameled, ingqalelo kufuneka ihlawulwe kwakhona kwiingxaki zokuqhuma kunye nomlilo. Imeko yomlilo imi ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
Eyokuqala kukuba isithando somlilo sitshiswe ngokupheleleyo, esihlala sibangelwa kukuxinana komphunga okanye ubushushu becandelo lomnqamlezo wesithando somlilo; okwesibini kukuba iingcingo ezininzi zivutha ngenxa yobuninzi bokupeyinta ngexesha lokuthunga. Ukuze kuthintelwe umlilo, ukushisa kwesithando somlilo kufuneka kulawulwe ngokungqongqo kwaye i-ventilation yesithando somlilo kufuneka ihambe kakuhle.
4. Amalungiselelo emva kokupaka
Umsebenzi wokugqiba emva kokupaka ngokuyinhloko ubhekisela ekucoceni iglue endala emlonyeni wesithando somlilo, ukucoca itanki yepeyinti kunye nevili lesikhokelo, kunye nokwenza umsebenzi omhle ekucoceni okusingqongileyo kwe-enameller kunye nokusingqongileyo. Ukuze ugcine itanki yepeyinti icocekile, ukuba awuyi kuqhuba ngokukhawuleza, kufuneka ugubungele itanki yepeyinti ngephepha ukuze ugweme ukungeniswa kokungcola.

Umlinganiselo wokuchazwa
Ucingo lwe-enameled luhlobo lwentambo. Ukucaciswa kocingo lwe-enameled lubonakaliswa ngobubanzi bocingo olungenanto lobhedu (iyunithi: mm). Umlinganiselo weenkcukacha zocingo olunameleli ngokwenene ngumlinganiselo wedayamitha yocingo lobhedu olungenanto. Ngokuqhelekileyo isetyenziselwa ukulinganisa i-micrometer, kwaye ukuchaneka kwe-micrometer kunokufikelela kwi-0. Kukho indlela yokulinganisa ngokuthe ngqo kunye nendlela yokulinganisa ngokungathanga ngqo kwinkcazo (i-diameter) yocingo olunamelene.
Kukho indlela yokulinganisa ngokuthe ngqo kunye nendlela yokulinganisa ngokungathanga ngqo kwinkcazo (i-diameter) yocingo olunamelene.
Ucingo lwe-enameled luhlobo lwentambo. Ukucaciswa kocingo lwe-enameled lubonakaliswa ngobubanzi bocingo olungenanto lobhedu (iyunithi: mm). Umlinganiselo weenkcukacha zocingo olunameleli ngokwenene ngumlinganiselo wedayamitha yocingo lobhedu olungenanto. Ngokuqhelekileyo isetyenziselwa ukulinganisa i-micrometer, kwaye ukuchaneka kwe-micrometer kunokufikelela kwi-0.
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Ucingo lwe-enameled luhlobo lwentambo. Ukucaciswa kocingo lwe-enameled lubonakaliswa ngobubanzi bocingo olungenanto lobhedu (iyunithi: mm).
Ucingo lwe-enameled luhlobo lwentambo. Ukucaciswa kocingo lwe-enameled lubonakaliswa ngobubanzi bocingo olungenanto lobhedu (iyunithi: mm). Umlinganiselo weenkcukacha zocingo olunameleli ngokwenene ngumlinganiselo wedayamitha yocingo lobhedu olungenanto. Ngokuqhelekileyo isetyenziselwa ukulinganisa i-micrometer, kwaye ukuchaneka kwe-micrometer kunokufikelela kwi-0.
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Ucingo lwe-enameled luhlobo lwentambo. Ukucaciswa kocingo lwe-enameled lubonakaliswa ngobubanzi bocingo olungenanto lobhedu (iyunithi: mm). Umlinganiselo weenkcukacha zocingo olunameleli ngokwenene ngumlinganiselo wedayamitha yocingo lobhedu olungenanto. Ngokuqhelekileyo isetyenziselwa ukulinganisa i-micrometer, kwaye ukuchaneka kwe-micrometer kunokufikelela ku-0
Umlinganiselo weenkcukacha zocingo olunameleli ngokwenene ngumlinganiselo wedayamitha yocingo lobhedu olungenanto. Ngokuqhelekileyo isetyenziselwa ukulinganisa i-micrometer, kwaye ukuchaneka kwe-micrometer kunokufikelela kwi-0.
Umlinganiselo weenkcukacha zocingo olunameleli ngokwenene ngumlinganiselo wedayamitha yocingo lobhedu olungenanto. Ngokuqhelekileyo isetyenziselwa ukulinganisa i-micrometer, kwaye ukuchaneka kwe-micrometer kunokufikelela ku-0
Ucingo lwe-enameled luhlobo lwentambo. Ukucaciswa kocingo lwe-enameled lubonakaliswa ngobubanzi bocingo olungenanto lobhedu (iyunithi: mm).
Ucingo lwe-enameled luhlobo lwentambo. Ukucaciswa kocingo lwe-enameled lubonakaliswa ngobubanzi bocingo olungenanto lobhedu (iyunithi: mm). Umlinganiselo weenkcukacha zocingo olunameleli ngokwenene ngumlinganiselo wedayamitha yocingo lobhedu olungenanto. Ngokuqhelekileyo isetyenziselwa ukulinganisa i-micrometer, kwaye ukuchaneka kwe-micrometer kunokufikelela kwi-0.
. Kukho indlela yokulinganisa ngokuthe ngqo kunye nendlela yokulinganisa ngokungathanga ngqo kwinkcazo (i-diameter) yocingo olunamelene.
Umlinganiselo weenkcukacha zocingo olunameleli ngokwenene ngumlinganiselo wedayamitha yocingo lobhedu olungenanto. Ngokuqhelekileyo isetyenziselwa ukulinganisa i-micrometer, kwaye ukuchaneka kwe-micrometer kunokufikelela kwi-0. Kukho indlela yokulinganisa ngokuthe ngqo kunye nendlela yokulinganisa ngokungathanga ngqo kwinkcazo (i-diameter) yocingo olunamelene. Umlinganiselo othe ngqo Indlela yokulinganisa ngokuthe ngqo kukulinganisa ububanzi bocingo olungenanto lobhedu ngokuthe ngqo. Ucingo lwe-enameled kufuneka lutshiswe kuqala, kwaye indlela yomlilo kufuneka isetyenziswe. I-diameter ye-enameled wire esetyenziswe kwi-rotor ye-motor echulumancisiweyo yezixhobo zombane incinci kakhulu, ngoko kufuneka itshiswe ngamaxesha amaninzi ngexesha elifutshane xa usebenzisa umlilo, ngaphandle koko inokutshiswa kwaye ichaphazele ukusebenza kakuhle.
Indlela yokulinganisa ngokuthe ngqo kukulinganisa ububanzi bocingo lobhedu olungenanto ngokuthe ngqo. Ucingo lwe-enameled kufuneka lutshiswe kuqala, kwaye indlela yomlilo kufuneka isetyenziswe.
Ucingo lwe-enameled luhlobo lwentambo. Ukucaciswa kocingo lwe-enameled lubonakaliswa ngobubanzi bocingo olungenanto lobhedu (iyunithi: mm).
Ucingo lwe-enameled luhlobo lwentambo. Ukucaciswa kocingo lwe-enameled lubonakaliswa ngobubanzi bocingo olungenanto lobhedu (iyunithi: mm). Umlinganiselo weenkcukacha zocingo olunameleli ngokwenene ngumlinganiselo wedayamitha yocingo lobhedu olungenanto. Ngokuqhelekileyo isetyenziselwa ukulinganisa i-micrometer, kwaye ukuchaneka kwe-micrometer kunokufikelela kwi-0. Kukho indlela yokulinganisa ngokuthe ngqo kunye nendlela yokulinganisa ngokungathanga ngqo kwinkcazo (i-diameter) yocingo olunamelene. Umlinganiselo othe ngqo Indlela yokulinganisa ngokuthe ngqo kukulinganisa ububanzi bocingo olungenanto lobhedu ngokuthe ngqo. Ucingo lwe-enameled kufuneka lutshiswe kuqala, kwaye indlela yomlilo kufuneka isetyenziswe. I-diameter ye-enameled wire esetyenziswe kwi-rotor ye-motor echulumancisiweyo yezixhobo zombane incinci kakhulu, ngoko kufuneka itshiswe ngamaxesha amaninzi ngexesha elifutshane xa usebenzisa umlilo, ngaphandle koko inokutshiswa kwaye ichaphazele ukusebenza kakuhle. Emva kokutshisa, coca ipeyinti etshisiweyo ngelaphu, uze ulinganise ububanzi bocingo olungenanto lobhedu kunye ne-micrometer. I-diameter ye-copper engenanto yinkcazo ye-enameled wire. Isibane sotywala okanye ikhandlela lingasetyenziselwa ukutshisa ucingo olunamele. Umlinganiselo ongathanga ngqo
Umlinganiselo ongathanga ngqo Indlela yokulinganisa engathanga ngqo kukulinganisa i-diameter yangaphandle yocingo lwe-enameled copper (kubandakanywa nesikhumba se-enameled), kwaye ngoko ngokweenkcukacha zomda wangaphandle wocingo lobhedu olunamele (kubandakanywa ulusu olunamele). Indlela ayisebenzisi umlilo ukutshisa ucingo lwe-enameled, kwaye inokusebenza okuphezulu. Ukuba unokwazi imodeli ethile yocingo lwe-enameled copper, kuchaneka ngakumbi ukujonga ukucaciswa (ububanzi) bocingo lwe-enameled. [amava] Kungakhathaliseki ukuba yeyiphi indlela esetyenziswayo, inani leengcambu okanye iinxalenye ezahlukeneyo kufuneka lilinganiswe kathathu ukuqinisekisa ukuchaneka komlinganiselo.