Ngokukhula kwe-aluminium ngaphakathi kweShishini le-Welding ye-Welding, kunye nokwamkelwa kwayo njengezinye izicelo ezininzi, kukho izinto ezifunwayo kwabo babandakanyekayo ekuphuhliseni iiprojekthi ze-aluminium ukuba ziqhelene neli qela lezixhobo. Ukuqonda ngokupheleleyo i-Aluminiyam, kuyacetyiswa ukuba uqale ngokuqhelana nenkqubo ye-Aluminium yesazisi / inkqubo ye-altimum ye-alfuy kunye neempawu zazo.

Inkqubo ye-Aluminium Alting kunye neNkqubo yokuKhetha-UmNtla Melika, uMbutho weAluminium Noction Inc. inoxanduva lokwabiwa kunye nobhaliso lwee-alloum alloys. Okwangoku kukho ngaphezulu kwe-400 ye-alfam ye-aluminium kunye ne-Aluminium ye-Aluminium kwaye ngaphezulu kwe-Aluminium ye-Aluminium ye-Aluminium ngohlobo lwenkcaso kunye ne-ITHTSHA ibhaliswe ngumbutho wealuminium. Imida yokubekwa kwemichiza ye-Alloty yazoI-Teal BookInqaku elinomxholo othi "Indawo yokuhlala yamanye amazwe kunye nemida yekhemikhali ye-Aluminium ye-Aluminiyam kunye ne-Aluminium ye-alfam" kunye nazoIncwadi yePinkInemida ye-"intions kunye nemida yekhemikhali ye-Aluminium Alfs kwimo yeicals kunye ne-Iyot.

I-Aluminium Altings inokuhlelwa ngokwamaqela amaqela esekwe kwiimpawu zezinto ezithile ezinjengokwazisa ngonyango lwe-thermal kunye noomatshini bokunxibelelana nolwabiwo longezwe kwi-Aluminium Alloy. Xa sijonga inkqubo / yesazisi esetyenziselwa i-AlUminium Alfs, ezi mpawu zingasentla zichongiwe. I-aluminium eyenziweyo kunye ne-aluminium ineenkqubo ezahlukeneyo zokuchongwa. Inkqubo eyenziwe yinkqubo enamanani ama-4 kunye neenkcazo ezinenkqubo ye-3 yendawo yokuhlala kunye ne-1 ka-1.

Inkqubo ye-LALLY ALT-Ukuqala kufuneka uqwalasele iinombolo ze-4 ze-Aluminium alloy. Inombolo yokuqala (XI-XXX) ibonisa into eyintloko, eyongezwe kwi-Aluminium Alloy kwaye ihlala isetyenziselwa ukuchaza uthotho lwealuminium alloy, okt, uthotho lwe-1000, uthotho lwe-3000, jonga kwi-8000 uthotho, jonga kwiTheyibhile 1).

Inombolo yesibini yesibini (XXI-XX), ukuba yahlukile ku-0, ibonisa ukuguqulwa kwe-alloy ethile, kunye neyesithathu neyesine (xxXX) Ngaba amanani angqongqo anikiweyo ukuze achonge ulwabelo oluthile kolu ngcelele. UMZEKELISO 5183, Inombolo yesi-5 ibonisa ukuba yi-magnesium ye-magnesium alloy, i-1 ibonisa ukuba yi-1^stUkuguqulwa kwi-Alloy yokuqala ye-5083, kwaye i-83 ichonge inguqulelene ye-5xxx.

Ukuphela kwendlela yokuphela kwale nkqubo ye-Alloty ye-Aluminium ye-Aluminum (i-Aluminums enyulu) kwimeko apho, ama-2 ama-2 amanani ama-2 abonelela ngepesenti emi-2 ephantsi, i-Alouminum ye-Alominium, okt, Aloby 13(50)(99.50% I-Aluminium ubuncinci).

Inkqubo ye-Aluminium Alfam Alloty

Itheyibhile 1

IlahlekileInkqubo ye-Allocy Alloty isekwe kwi-3 yedijithali ye-Digimal ye-XXX.x (okt 356.0). Inombolo yokuqala (XI-XX.X) ibonisa into eyintloko eyabelwa, eyongezwe kwi-alloum alloy (jonga itheyibhile 2).

Inkqubo yoKhetho lwe-Alutinum Allotity

Itheyibhile 2

I-yesibini neyesithathu (xXX.x) ngamaNwanjwa ngokuchasene nokuchongwa ukuze achonge ulwabelo oluthile kolu ngcelele. Inani elilandela inqaku lokugqibela libonisa ukuba i-Alloty i-alfuy ilahlekile (.0) okanye i-ingot (.1 okanye.2) .2). I-capital capiix ibonisa ukuguqulwa kwi-alloy ethile.
Umzekelo: I-Alocy-A356.0 I-capital A (AI-XXX.X) ibonisa ukuguqulwa kwe-Aloty 356.0. Inombolo 3 (a3I-XX.X) ibonisa ukuba i-Silicon dibanisa nobhedu kunye / okanye i-magnesium. I-56 kwi (nge-ax56.0) Ichonga izabelo ngaphakathi kochungechunge lwe-3xx.x, kunye ne-.0 (AXXX.0) Ibonisa ukuba yimbonakalo yokugqibela kwaye ingeyiyo i-ingot.

Inkqubo yeAluminum ye-AlumnumUkuba sijonga uthotho olwahlukileyo lwe-Aluminium Alfs, siya kubona ukuba kukho umahluko omkhulu kwiimpawu zabo kunye nesiphumo sokusebenza. Inqaku lokuqala lokuqaphela, emva kokuqonda inkqubo yesazisi, kukuba zimbini iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-aluminium ngoludwe olukhankanywe apha ngasentla. Olu lushushu lubandakanyeke kwi-Aluminium yeAluminum (ezo zinokufumana amandla ngokongezwa kobushushu) kunye nobushushu obungafakwanga. Lo mahluko kubalulekile ngakumbi xa ujonga iimpembelelo ze-ARC yelfting kwezi ntlobo zimbini zezixhobo.

I-1xxx, i-3xxx, kunye ne-5xxx ingcelele ye-alfum alloys Alfs ayikafiki kwaye inzima kuphela. I-2xxx, i-6xxx, kunye ne-7xxx ingcelele ye-Aluminium Alfs i-SUFF inesifo kunye noluhlu lwe-4xxx lubandakanya ubushushu obungaphantsi komhlaba kunye nobushushu obungaphantsi kobushushu. I-2xx.x, i-3xx.x, i-4xx.x kunye ne-7xx ingqokelela ye-alloys ityhutyhe i-free ishushu. I-Strain Debleng ayifakwanga ngokubanzi kwimithombo.

Ubushushu obunyangeneyo Alloys bafumana iipropathi zabo ezilungileyo ngenkqubo yonyango lwe-thermal, olona nyango luqhelekileyo lonyango lwesisombululo kunye nokwaluphala. Unyango lwesisombululo sonyango yinkqubo yokufudumeza i-Alloty kwiqondo lobushushu eliphakamileyo (malunga ne-990 i-990 i-990 deg. F) ukuze ubeke izinto zolwabiwo okanye umjikelo kwisisombululo. Oku kulandelwa kukucingela, ihlala emanzini, ukuvelisa isisombululo se-upersurated kubushushu begumbi. Unyango lwesisombululo sonyango luhlala lulandelwa kukwaluphala. Ukwaluphala kukuchama kwenxalenye yenxalenye yezinto okanye imijikelezo kwisisombululo se-upatustated ukuze sinikezele iipropathi ezinqwenelekayo.

I-non-firys inyanga inyanga inyanga inyanga ifumana iipropathi zabo ezilungileyo zokuhamba nzima. I-Strain Shrineng yindlela yokwanda kwamandla ngokusebenzisa ukubanda okubandayo.t6, 6063-T4, 5052-H32, 5083-H112.

Izinto ezisisiseko zoMsindo

Itheyibhile 3

Ngaphaya kwendawo esisiseko yokuchonga, zimbini iindidi zophuhliso, enye ilungisa i "H"

Ukuboniswa kwe-HER

Inombolo yokuqala emva kokuba i-H ibonisa ukusebenza kwesiseko:
H1-I-Strain ilukhuni kuphela.
H2-I-Clain iqhiphuke kwaye idityaniswe ngokuyinxenye.
H3-Uxinzelelo lukhuni kwaye uzinzile.
H4-I-Clain iqhiphuke kwaye idityaniswe okanye ipeyintiwe.

Inombolo yesibini emva kokuba i-H ibonisa inqanaba lokuphazamiseka.
HX2-Ikota ye-hard hx4- isiqingatha seHX HX6-Ikota ezintathu ezinzima
HX8-I-Hard HX9-Oninzi

Ulwahlulo lwe-t

T1-Ukusebenza ngokwemvelo emva kokupholisa kwinkqubo yokuphakama kweqondo lobushushu, njengokuphumelela.
T2-Ukubanda kusebenza emva kokupholisa kwinkqubo yeqondo lokushisa amaqondo obushushu kwaye ngokwemvelo iyaluphele.
T3- ISisombululo sinyangwa, ukubanda kusebenza kwaye ngokwemvelo kuyaluphala.
T4-Ukubanjwa kobushushu kwaye ngokwemvelo kuyaluphala.
T5-Ukusebenza ngokubonakalayo emva kokupholisa kwinkqubo yeqondo lokuhlala eliphakamileyo.
T6-Umsebenzi ophathwa gadalala kwaye uneminyaka yobudala.
T7-Umfanekiso othathwa nguBushushu kwaye uzinzile (ovaliweyo).
T8- Isisombululo esinyangwe, ukubanda kusebenza kwaye siluphele.
T9- ISisombululo seSisombululo esinyangwa, sineminyaka esidala kwaye sibande kakhulu.
T10-Ukubanda kusebenza emva kokupholisa kwinkqubo yeqondo lokuhlala eliphakamileyo kwaye emva koko ihluphekile.

Iinombolo ezongeziweyo zibonisa isiqabu soxinzelelo.
Umzekelo:
TX51okanye i-txx51-Uxinzelelo ukhululwe ngokuzolula.
TX52okanye i-txx52-Uxinzelelo ukhululwe ngokucinezela.

I-Aluminium Walts kunye neempawu zazo-Ukuba sithathela ingqalelo uthotho lwasixhenxe lwe-Aluminium Alfs, siya kuluxabisa umahluko wabo kwaye siqonde izicelo zabo kunye neempawu.

I-1xxx Series alloys- (I-HIF-SUFID-IXESHA LOKUGQIBELA - NGABASEKHAYA LOKUGQIBELA LWE-10 ukuya kwelama-27 KSI) Olu luhlu luhlala lubizwa ngokuba luluhlu olunyulu lwe-aluminium kuba kufuneka ube ne-99.0% i-Aluminium ubuncinci. Bangenakuphikiswa. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yoluhlu lwabo olunyibilikayo, bafuna ukuqwalaselwa okuthile ukuze kuveliswe iinkqubo zokwenza ilding. Xa ithathelwe ingqalelo ukuba intwana, ezi zabelo zikhethwa ngokuyintloko ukuze zixhathise i-corsosion yazo ebalaseleyo njengokusebenzisa iitanki zekhemikhali ezikhethekileyo kunye nokufakelwa komgangatho, okanye ukwenziwa kweendlela zabo ezibalaseleyo ngokomsebenzi webhasi. Ezi alfays zineepropathi ezigwenxa kwaye aziyi kuqwalaselwa kwizicelo ezenziwa ngokwamaso. Ezi lwabelo zisesiseko zihlala zidliwayo kunye ne-Filler ehambelana ne-Filter okanye nge-4xxx Fillings ALTLERS ixhomekeke kwi-pitles kunye neemfuno zomsebenzi.

I-2XXX CINGLY- (Ubushushu bunokuba ne-ofisi ye-tensle ye-27 ukuya kwi-62 ksi) ezi zii-aluminium / zongeza ii-alveres (zongezwa kwe-6.8 ukuya kwi-6.8%), usetyenziso oluphezulu lwe-ALTERS oluqhelekileyo, ukusetyenziswa kweenqwelomoya. Banamandla amakhulu ngaphezulu kobushushu obubanzi. Ezinye zezi alloy zithathwa njengezingathandekiyo ziinkqubo ze-arc zels ngenxa yokuzibeka kwabo ekubambeni inkanuko yokuqhekeka okushushu kunye noxinzelelo; Nangona kunjalo, abanye yi-arc bedled bedle ngempumelelo ngempumelelo neenkqubo ze-welding. Ezi zinto zisisiseko zihlala zinamandla aphezulu 2xxx ingqokelela ye-Filler yenzelwe ukutshatisa intsebenzo yazo, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha zinokwenziwa nge-4xxx Setlers enesilico okanye i-silicon kunye neemfuno zenkonzo.

I-3xxx Series alloys-Umshushu onokubakho - kunye namandla e-tensile ye-16 ukuya kwi-4,1 ksi) Ezi zii-Aluminiyam / Manganese Altling ukusuka kwi-0.05 yee-onres (i-manganese ye-Alrosions) kwaye ilungele ukusetyenziswa kwamaqondo obushushu aphakamileyo. Enye yeendlela zabo zokuqala yayiyizimbiza kunye neepani, kwaye zezona zinto zibalulekileyo namhlanje ngenxa yokutshintshwa kobushushu kwizithuthi nezityalo zamandla. Amandla abo aphakathi aphakathi, nangona kunjalo, ahlala ukuthintela ukuqwalaselwa kwabo kwizicelo zesakhiwo. Ezi lwabelo zisesikweni zidlwengulwe nge-1xxx, i-4xxx kunye ne-5xxx ingqokelela yeFiller, ixhomekeke kwi-chemistry yazo ethile kunye neemfuno zenkonzo.

I-4xxx Serices- (Ubushushu obungaphantsi kwaye bungayisichebisi obungaphantsi kwe-25 ukuya kwi-55 ksi) ezi zezona ze-Aluminiyam / i-Swicon Alt (i-Silicon Allos (i-Silicon Alt (i-SIZicon Alting) kwaye kuphela kweqhinga elinokubakho. I-Silicon, xa yongezwa kwi-Aluminiyam, inciphisa indawo yayo yokunyibilika kwaye iphucule i-squidity yayo xa inyibilikisiwe xa inyibilikisiwe. Ezi mpawu zinqweneleka kwizixhobo zefilitha ezisetyenziselwa ukufundela i-fusion kunye nebrawuza. Ngenxa yoko, olu ngcelele lwe-alloys lufumaneka ikakhulu njengemifanekiso yeFiller. I-Silicon, ngokuzimeleyo kwi-Aluminiyam, akukho-ubushushu bunokunyanga; Nangona kunjalo, inani lezi zilicon alys zenzelwe ukongezwa kwe-magnesium okanye ubhedu, olubanika amandla okusabela kakuhle kunyango lwesisombululo. Ngokwesiqhelo, obu bushushu bunyango olunesidima basetyenziswa kuphela xa icandelo le-weldan liza kuphatha phantsi konyango lwe-WEld.

I-5xxx ingqokelela- (I-On-Sheme Commeaged - kunye namandla e-tensile ye-18 ukuya kwi-51 ksi) Ezi zi-Altinum / Magnesis zolwalelo (i-magnesium ye-Alloys (Magnesium (Magnesium isusela kwi-02%) kwaye inamandla aphezulu obushushu. Ukongeza, olu luhlu lwe-Alloty luthelekiswa lula, kwaye ngezi zizathu zisetyenziselwa izicelo ezahlukeneyo ezifana nokwakhiwa kweenqanawa, ukuthutha, iinqanawa zoxinzelelo, iibhlorho kunye nezakhiwo. Iziseko ze-magnesium ze-Magnesis zihlala zidliwayo ne-Fillers, ezikhethiweyo emva kokuqwalaselwa komxholo we-magneum wezinto ezisisiseko, kunye neemeko zenkonzo ye-Weld. I-alloys kolu ngcelele lungaphezulu kwe-3.0% i-magnesium ayicetyiswanga kwinkonzo yobushushu obungaphezulu kwe-150 i-150 i-prog f ngenxa yokuziva unesifo sengqondo kunye nokuchaphazeleka koxinzelelo. Isiseko se-alloys esingaphantsi kwe-2,5% i-magnesium ihlala idla ngokuphumelela ngempumelelo ne-5xxx okanye i-4xxx Serises. Isiseko se-Alloty 5052 ibonwa njengeyona ndawo iphakamileyo ye-magnesium yesiseko esinokuthi sibe selded nge-4xxx Section Allory. Ngenxa yeengxaki ezinxulumene nokunyibilika kwe-ethectic kwaye zidibene nezinto ezenziwayo ze-Wels, azikhuthazwanga kwizinto ezibonakalayo kolu shicilelo lwe-Alloy, olunezimali eziphezulu ze-firmaners. Izixhobo ezisisiseko ze-magneum eziphezulu zinamafutha kuphela ane-5xxx Fibler, ehambelana nokwenziwa kwesiseko.

I-6xxx Serices- (ubushushu bunyangekile - kunye namandla e-thensim ye-18 ukuya kwi-58 ksi) Ezi zi-aluminium / i-magnesium ye-Aluminum / i-Ignesis ye-ALDISS (i-Agnesis ye-Articals (i-magnesis ye-Swicion (isetyenziswa kakhulu kwicandelo lokwahlula-hlulwa, kwaye ifakwe kwiindawo ezininzi zesakhiwo. Ukongezwa kwe-magnesium kunye ne-silicon kwi-aluminium kuvelisa i-magnesium ye-magnesium-silide, enika le nto ibonelela ngobuchule bayo ukuba bunyangwe ngenxa yamandla aphuculweyo. Ezi alloy zemvelo ziqinile ngokuqina, kwaye ngenxa yesi sizathu, akufuneki zibekho i-arc yedlegenusly (ngaphandle kwezinto ezibonakalayo). Ukongezwa kwezixa-mali ezaneleyo zokwenza izinto zeflirha ngexesha lenkqubo ye-Arc ye-Arc ibalulekile ukuze unikezele ngezinto ezisisiseko, ngaloo ndlela uthintela ingxaki eshushu. Bakwi-wallodid nge-4xxx kunye ne-5xxx yezixhobo zefayili, ezixhomekeke kwisicelo kunye neemfuno zenkonzo.

I-7xxx ingcelele- (ubushushu bunyangekile - kunye namandla e-tensile ye-timiles ye-32 ukuya kwi-88 ksi) Ezi zii-aluminium / ze-zanc alloys (i-zinc ye-zenc Ezi alloy zihlala zisetyenziswa kwizicelo eziphezulu zomsebenzi ezifana nenqwelomoya, i-aerospace, kunye nezixhobo zokhuphiswano kwimidlalo. Njengoluhlu lwe-2xxxx lwe-2XXX, olu cengeli lubandakanya izabelo ezithathwa njengezingafanelekanga zabagqatswa kwi-ARC ye-Arc Welding, kunye nezinye, zihlala ziphumelele. I-Alloys ebuqhelekileyo ye-weldided kolu ngcelele, njengama-7005, ikakhulu idlwengulwe nge-5xxx engceng filles.

Isishwankathelo-I-Aluminium yanamhlanje ye-alloys, kunye namayeza abo ahlukeneyo, kubandakanya uluhlu olubanzi lwemveliso. Ngoyilo lwemveliso elungileyo kunye nenkqubo yokuphuhlisa inkqubo ye-welding, kubalulekile ukuba uqonde umahluko phakathi kwezibalo ezininzi ezikhoyo kwaye iimpawu zabo ezahlukeneyo zokusebenza kunye neempawu zazo zomsebenzi. Xa iphuhlisa iinkqubo zokufumana ezi aloks, kuya kuthathelwa ingqalelo kwi-alloy ethile yelitye. Ihlala ithi i-arc ye-aluminium ayinzima, "yahlukile nje". Ndiyakholelwa ukuba inxenye ebalulekileyo yokuqonda kolo mahluko kukuqhelana nezibalo ezahlukeneyo, iimpawu zazo, kunye nenkqubo yazo yesazisi.